3. (2) Does the entropy of the surroundings always increase for spontaneous processes? Explain. (b) In a particular spontaneous process the entropy of the system decreases. What can you conclude about the sign and magnitude of ASur? (c) During a certain reversible process, the surroundings undergo an entropy change, - 75J/K. What is the entropy change of the system for this process?

Q: Determine the standard free energy change, ΔG°,

A: Δ G = Δ H − T Δ S  Δ H =  625.5 kJ  ∆S° = 450.0 J/K = 450 x 10-3 KJ/K T = 25.0°C + 273 = 298K

Q: The entropy change ΔS for a phase transition equals ΔH/T, where ΔH is the enthalpy change. Why is it…

A:

Q: 1. a) Why is chemical potential analogous to temperature and pressure? b) Under what circumstance…

A: a). The energy that can be released or absorbed due to the change of number of particles of the…

Q: Determine the entropy change for the combustion of liquid ethanol, C2H5OH, under standard state…

A:

Q: How does temperature effect spontaneity? Under what conditions is enthalpy the dominant…

A: We know that, ΔG = ΔH - TΔS For a reaction to be spontaneous ΔG must be negative in sign ΔG < 0 ,…

Q: Given ΔHrxn∘= −135 kJ, ΔS∘rxn= −263 J/K, & T= 299 K, will the reaction be spontaneous?

A: Given: ΔHrxn∘= −135 kJ ΔS∘rxn= −263 J/K T= 299 K To find: Whether the reaction is spontaneous

Q: 9. A chemical reaction under standard state has the enthalpy of reaction: A,H° = +117 kJ and the…

A: B) The reaction is entropy driven.

Q: For the isothermal expansion of a gas into a vacuum,ΔE = 0, q = 0, and w = 0. (a) Is this a…

A: (a) The spontaneous process is the process which starts on its own or initiate without any external…

Q: A process increases the entropy of the system by 128 J/mol K and absorbs 54 kJ/mol of heat from the…

A: Given: Change in entropy (∆S) = 128 J/mol•K Absorbed heat=54 kJ/mol =54×103 J/mol    To determine…

Q: What is "Gibb's Free Energy"? How is it related to the Enthalpy and Entropy of a system at…

A: we denote gibb's free energy by G and the change in gibb's free energy is denoted by ΔG

Q: Above what temperature (in ºC) does the reaction with H' of 192 kJ/mol and S’ of 622 J/mol·K become…

A:

Q: Which of the following is TRUE for a spontaneous process? Ο ΔΗΤAS

A: In this question we have to tell the condition for the spontaneous process.

Q: How can you calculate the standard entropy change for a reaction from tables of standard entropies?

A: The standard entropy change for a reaction from tables of standard entropies can be calculated by…

Q: Assuming gasoline is pure C8H18, predict the signs of q and w for the process of combustion gasoline

A: Combustion reaction is known as burning in which something reacts with oxygen. Commonly organic…

Q: Identify the equation of Gibbs free energy, AG to predict the spontaneity of a reaction.

A: ANSWER

Q: What is the precise definition of entropy? What is the significance of entropy being a state…

A: Entropy is a thermodynamic state function that determines randomness in a system.  When we raise…

Q: 4. During the process of freezing, what do you know about changes in the temperature and entropy of…

A: Given statement is :  During the process of freezing, what do you know about changes in the…

Q: Determine the entropy change for the combustion of gaseous propane, C3H8, under standard state…

A: Thermodynamics is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of heat and other forms of…

Q: All things trend toward disorder. When cups of hot milk are left on the table for a long period of…

A: Suniv > 0, where Suniv is the change in the universe's entropy. Entropy is a measure of a…

Q: What is the change in entropy in a large mass of water at 50 °C when it receives 155 kJ of energy in…

A: Answer is explained below. Given that, the change is reversible and the mass of water is large…

Q: What thermodynamic quantity is used to determine whether a chemical reaction will proceed…

A: In the thermodynamic system we can determine which reaction is spontaneously or which reaction is…

Q: The entropy change for the process                                      H2 O(s) ⟶ H2 O(l)is 22.1 J/K…

A:

Q: (Q69) Using the tabulated values from the text (located in Appendix G, beginning at p. 1211)…

A:

Q: Determine the entropy change for the combustion of gaseous propane, C3Hg, under the standard…

A:

Q: What is the application of standard Gibbs free-energy to processes and reactions What is its…

A: Thermodynamics is the branch of chemistry which deals with the study of heat and other forms of…

Q: How many microstates are present in a system with an entropy of zero?

A: The entropy (S) and microstates(W) are related by formula : S = kB ln(W)  Here , kB = Boltzmann…

Q: If an ideal gas at 1.75 atm and 25 degrees Celsius is isothermally compressed from 800 mL to 150 mL,…

A: Initial volume of the gas, V1 =800 mL Final volume, V2 = 150 mL Calculation of initial moles of the…

Q: Can a process be spontaneous at one temperature and nonspontaneous at a different temperature?

A: Thermodynamics can be used to explain the spontaneity of a reaction.

Q: What happens to the entropy of a sample of the matter when it changes state from a solid to a…

A: Entropy of a system is defined as the measure of randmnoss,or disorder. Entropy is an extensive…

Q: Determine the entropy change for the combustion of gaseous propane, C3H8, under the standard…

A: Entropy refers to measure of disorder and randomness. For a reaction, standard entropy change of…

Q: What is Gibbs free energy, and what is ΔG for a reaction, and what does it mean if ΔG is positive,…

A: Gibbs free energy : It is defined as the maximum reversible non-PV work that can be obtained from…

Q: Consider a process in which the entropy of a system increases by 105 J K−1 and the entropy of the…

A: Given information,    The entropy of a system increases by 105 J K−1    The entropy of the…

Q: If a process is exothermic, does the entropy of the surroundings (a) alwaysincrease, (b) always…

A: Entropy is a measure of randomness or disorder. Spontaneous changes always go from a more ordered…

Q: Neither the change in enthalpy nor the change in entropy is, by itself, sufficient to determine…

A:

Q: During a hypothetical process, the entropy of a system increases by 105 J K-1 while the entropy of…

A:

Q: (a) What are the signs of ΔS and ΔH for the process depictedhere? (b) If energy can flow in and out…

A: Entropy(S) is a thermodynamic property which denotes the degree of disorder or randomness of the…

Q: Question attached

A:

Q: 2.1. For the isothermal expansion of a gas into a vacuum, (a) Is this a spontaneous process? (b)…

A: a. During this constant temperature or isothermal, expansion into a vacuum, the gas does no work (w…

Q: Under what circumstance can the entropy of a system decrease for a spontaneous process?

A: Entropy measures the degree of randomness in the system. When a substance changes its phase solid to…

Q: Calculate the standard reaction entropy (∆????∅) at 298 K for the reaction of carbon dioxide with…

A: Standard entropy value:-  ∆S°(CaO) = 40 J/K mol  ∆S°(CO2) = 214J/K mol  ∆S°(CaCO3) = 93J/K mol

Q: How does the entropy of ice at −5°C diff er, if at all, from its entropy at −50°C?

A: Entropy- Entropy is a thermodynamic property. Entropy determines tendency of process. Tendency means…

Q: Consider the reaction: CO(g) + Cl2(g) COCI,(g) Using standard thermodynamic data at 298K, calculate…

A: Gibbs free energy of the reaction is the highest amount of energy that is used to do a non-expansion…

Q: A sample of carbon is burned in a calorimeter. If the calorimeter absorbs 81 J/K during the reaction…

A: Solving only first question in accordance with guidelines. You can repost remaining questions.

Q: 4. The entropy change for the process H2O(s) → H2O(1) is 22.1 J/K and requires that that…

A: Given:  ∆Ssystem = 22.1 J/K  qsystem = -qsurrounding = 6.0 KJ = 6000 J  Temperature (T) = 10°C = 283…

Q: What are the criteria for spontaneity(a) in terms of entropy and(b) in terms of free energy?

A: The Gibbs free energy is an important parameter to predict the feasibility of a process. The entropy…

Q: What is entropy, and what is ΔS for a reaction, and what does it mean if ΔS is positive or negative?

A: Answer  The measurement of randomness is called entropy, entropy…

Q: . Chloroform, CHC13, has a normal boiling point of 61 °C and it enthalpy of vaporization is 29.24…

A: Formula used:- ∆G°=∆H°-T∆S° But in this condition ∆G° = 0  Thus new formula is ∆S° = ∆H°/T