4. Shown below is the structure of the anti-retroviral drug AZT. 5' HOCH, H 3 N₂ HN AZT H 12 H CH₂ a) What nucleotide does the drug resemble? b) Describe a plausible mechanism for how this drug would inhibit the growth of HIV. c) Given what you know about DNA replication, why does the drug kill the virus but not people?
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- 1. Explain why it is NOT possible to treat diseases caused by prions with the same drugs that inhibit nucleic acid replication? 2. Explain how the attachment of viruses to bacterial cells is different from the attachment of viruses to animal cells.1. A particular virus with DNA as its genetic materialhas the following proportions of nucleotides: 20% A,35% T, 25% G, and 20% C. How can you explain thisresult?27. Match the following three words to its correct definition. a.) Transformation b.) Transduction c.) Conjugation -Uptake of DNA from the environment -Transfer of DNA by one bacterium to another by a viral vector -Transfer of replicated DNA from a donor to a recipient
- Knowing that retroviruses operate on the principle of reversing thedirection of transcription from RNA to DNA, propose a drug thatmight possibly interfere with their replication.6. How the use of the nucleic acid vaccine gives protection against diseases like COVID-19. Please explain it?7 Why does incorporation of AZT into viral nucleic acids cause chain termination?
- DNA from a newly discovered virus was purified, and UV light absorption was followed as the molecule was slowly heated. The absorbance increase at the melting temperature was only 10%. What does this result tell you about the structure of the viral DNA?A particular virus with DNA as its genetic material has the following proportions of nucleotides: 20% A, 35% T. 25% G, and 20% C. How can you explain this result?If you worked for a pharmaceutical company and wanted to develop a vaccine to prevent viral replication, how could you use your knowledge of RME to your advantage?
- Why can protease inhibitors and nucleoside analogs be used in minimizing the replication of the HIV virus?With respect to the replication strategy, what unusual feature does HBV have in common with HIV?A patient has arrived at the doctor complaining of acute respiratory symptoms (cough, runny nose, fever). The patient explains to the doctor that he was at a concert the night before and shared a water bottle with a friend who had similar symptoms. The doctor tells the patient that he has a virus. a.) Can the doctor prescribe an antibiotic for this patient? Explain. b.) What form of replication do you think this virus does use? How do you know? explain in details