7. Draw Lewis structures for the following molecules for which there are more than one resonance structures. Show formal charges and indicate if any resonance hybrids are more important contributors than others to the true electronic structure. The connectivity of the atoms in each of these molecules is shown by a sketch. Be aware (Beware?) that the octet rule can be violated! (9 marks) H -H H N CH, H.

7. Draw Lewis structures for the following molecules for which there are more than one resonance structures. Show formal charges and indicate if any resonance hybrids are more important contributors than others to the true electronic structure. The connectivity of the atoms in each of these molecules is shown by a sketch. Be aware (Beware?) that the octet rule can be violated! (9 marks) H -H H N CH, H.

Principles of Modern Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079113

Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Chapter3: Atomic Shells And Classical Models Of Chemical Bonding

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 94AP: The molecular ion S3N3 has the cyclic structure All SN bonds are equivalent. (a) Give six...

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The partial Lewis structure that follows is for a hydrocarbonmolecule. In the full Lewis structure, each carbon atomsatisfies the octet rule, and there are no unshared electronpairs in the molecule. The carbon—carbon bondsare labeled 1, 2, and 3. (a) How many hydrogen atomsare in the molecule? (b) Rank the carbon–carbonbonds in order of increasing bond length. (c) Whichcarbon—carbon bond is the strongest one?
Use Lewis symbols and Lewis structures to diagram the formationof PF3 from P and F atoms, showing valence-shellelectrons. (a) How many valence electrons does P have initially?(b) How many valence electrons does each F haveinitially? (c) How many valence electrons surround the P inthe PF3 molecule? (d) How many valence electrons surroundeach F in the PF3 molecule? (e) How many bonding pairs ofelectrons are in the PF3 molecule?
The molecular ion S3N3 has the cyclic structure All SN bonds are equivalent. (a) Give six equivalent resonance hybrid Lewis diagrams for this molecular ion. (b) Compute the formal charges on all atoms in the molecular ion in each of the six Lewis diagrams. (c) Determine the charge on each atom in the polyatomic ion, assuming that the true distribution of electrons is the average of the six Lewis diagrams arrived at in parts (a) and (b). (d) An advanced calculation suggests that the actual charge resident on each N atom is 0.375 and on each S atom is +0.041 . Show that this result is consistent with the overall +1 charge on the molecular ion.
Consider the following flat drawing of methane (CH4) . a. What is HCH bond angle implied by this drawing if you assume it is flat? b. Are the electron domains of this flat CH4 spread out as much as possible? c. Use model materials to make a model of CH4 (methane). If you assembled it correctly, thefour bonds (bonding electron domains) of your model will be 109.5° apart. d. In which representation, the drawing above or the model in your hand (circle one) are theH’s of CH4 more spread out around the central carbon? e. Confirm that your model looks like the following drawing. The wedgebond represents a bond coming out of the page, and the dash bondrepresents a bond going into the page f. You will often see methane drawn as if it were flat (like on the previous page). Why is thismisleading, and what is left to the viewer’s imagination when looking at such a drawing?
A student draws the picture of ammonia (NH3) in the box below, left, and predicts it will be a flatmolecule with HNH bond angles of exactly 120°. Unfortunately, the student left something out. a. What did the student omit from his drawing? b. What is the actual HNH bond angle of ammonia (based on the draw g above, right)? c. Explain why water, ammonia, and methane (shown below) all have about the same bondangles (close to 109.5°) even though they have different numbers of bonds.
Define formal charge and explain how to calculate it. What is the purpose of the formal charge? Organic compounds are composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen but also may have oxygen, nitrogen, and/or halogens in the formula. Formal charge arguments work very well for organic compounds when drawing the best Lewis structure. How do C, H, N, O, and Cl satisfy the octet rule in organic compounds so as to have a formula charge of zero?
A common trait of simple organic compounds is to have Lewis structures where all atoms have a formal charge of zero. Consider the following incomplete Lewis structure for an organic compound called methyl cyanoacrylate, the main ingredient in Super Glue. Draw a complete Lewis structure for methyl cyanoacrylate in which all atoms have a formal charge of zero.
Explain why this Lewis structure for CO is not as valid as the Lewis structure you drew in theprevious question even though it has no “hot spots” of + or charge (formal charges).
Using Lewis symbols and Lewis structures, diagram the formationof SiCl4 from Si and Cl atoms, showing valence-shellelectrons. (a) How many valence electrons does Si have initially?(b) How many valence electrons does each Cl haveinitially? (c) How many valence electrons surround the Siin the SiCl4 molecule? (d) How many valence electrons surroundeach Cl in the SiCl4 molecule? (e) How many bondingpairs of electrons are in the SiCl4 molecule?
Draw the lewis structure of SO2 ( best resonance) and 2nd best resonance showing the shape and bond angles of each one, the 3D structure with polar bonds or bonds dipole of each one and the molecular polarity. Here is an example of what I want the answer to be like:
Represent the bonding in SF2 (FUSUF) with Lewis diagrams. Include the formal charges on all atoms. The dimer of this compound has the formula S2F4. It was isolated in 1980 and shown to have the structure F3SUSF. Draw a possible Lewis diagram to represent the bonding in the dimer, indicating the formal charges on all atoms. Is it possible to draw a Lewis diagram for S2F4 in which all atoms have valence octets? Explain why or why not.
Draw the Lewis structures (with formal charges) of each of the species in the indicated pair and use the lewis stucture to answer which has the longer bond? and which has the stronger bond? 1.) O2 or O2^2+ 2.) NO- or NO^3- 3.) F2 or F2^2+ 4. NO2+ or NO2^3- 5.) OF2 or FO+