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- Calculate the total amount of calories and % of energy intake of each macro nutrient present in the following fast food meals: 1. Glutenfreehamburger:10gProtein,37gCarbohydrates and 8g Fat 2. Crispy chicken honey mustard: 27g Protein, 62g Carbohydrates and 30g Fat 3. Chickennuggets:11gProtein,14gCarbohydratesand8gFat 4. Cesar Salad: 23g Protein, 29g Carbohydrates and 14g Fat 5. Portionoffries:5g Protein, 54g Carbohydrates and21g FatUsing the standard curve for the digestion of amylose producing maltose (Figure 13, Workshop 4 manual), determine the amount of maltose produced for each of the conditions (Tubes 2-10). Assume that these values are the amount of product (maltose) produced per unit time (e.g., mM per second) or enzyme velocity Absorbance (545 nm) Maltose (mM/sec) 0 0 0 0.040 0.210 0.330 0.295 0.280 0.202 0.030Explain the role of bile salts and lecithin in the emulsification of lipids (fats).
- Some low-fat or non-fat foods contain a large amount of sugar to replace the fat content of the food. Discuss how this leads to increased fat in the body (and weight gain) even though the item is non-fat.You digest the octapeptide Met-Glu-Arg- His-Met-Cys-Phe-Leu with trypsin, chymotrypsin and cyanogen bromide all in the same beaker. Which of the following correctly lists the isoelectric points for all of the fragments that are produced in your digest? Relevant pKa values are; 2.2, 4.3, 6.0, 8.3, 9.8 and 12.5. 5.3, 6.0, 6.0, 7.1, 7.9 3.3, 6.0, 6.0, 7.1, 7.9 5.3, 6.0, 6.0, 7.1, 7.9, 11.2 O 5.3, 6.0, 6.0, 7.1, 11.2 5.2, 5.3, 5.3, 7.1, 7.9The phosphate buffer (H2PO4 HPO42+ H") in esophageal cells has a pKa of 7.2. If acid floods into cells, and the pH drops from 7.2 to 3.2, which concentration in the cells will increase, H2PO4 or HPO42? Is pH 3.2 in the buffer range of this phosphate buffer (pKa 7.2)? Esophagus Stomach HPO42, no HPO4: yes H,PO4: yes H,PO41; no
- The lipase substrate emulsion contains 0.500 mg of olive oil per 3 mL Also, the molar mass of the olive oil is 885 g/mol. If all of the olive oil in a 3 mL reaction is "digested" by pancreatic lipase in a reaction, how many molecules of olive oil have been degraded?The following link carbohydrate metabolism with lipid biosynthesis:(a) How many molecules of glucose are required to provide the carbon forGastric juice normally has a pH of 2. Given this, what happens to the activity of salivary amylase, a starch-digesting enzyme in saliva, when it arrives in the stomach?
- What is rancidity? What is the difference between hydrolytic and oxidative rancidity?The parietal cells of the stomach lining contain membrane “pumps” that transport hydrogen ions from the cytosol (pH 7.0) into the stomach,contributing to the acidity of gastric juice (pH 1.0). Calculate the free energy required to transport 1 mol of hydrogen ions through these pumps. Assume a temperature of 37 °C.Define each of the 3 components of protein quality. Give examples of factors that limit protein bioavailability. Define digestibility and be able to calculate. Describe BV and PER. Limitations of each? Describe the AA reference pattern and understand how the values were calculated. Define limiting amino acid. Describe and know how to calculate: AAS, PDCAAS, PDCAAS for more than one protein source, DIAAS. Interpret the following scores: PD, BV, PER, AAS, PDCAAS, DIAAS.
