a) – Explain the concept of Tax Deduction in WACC. Does this tax deduction make debt finance Cheaper Then Equity Finance? (b) – Compare Dividend Valuation Model with Capital Asset Pricing Model in the context of calculating cost of equity? Can use of these two methods result in differing values of business?

a) – Explain the concept of Tax Deduction in WACC. Does this tax deduction make debt finance Cheaper Then Equity Finance? (b) – Compare Dividend Valuation Model with Capital Asset Pricing Model in the context of calculating cost of equity? Can use of these two methods result in differing values of business?

Financial Reporting, Financial Statement Analysis and Valuation

8th Edition

ISBN:9781285190907

Author:James M. Wahlen, Stephen P. Baginski, Mark Bradshaw

Publisher:James M. Wahlen, Stephen P. Baginski, Mark Bradshaw

Chapter13: Valuation: Earnings-based Approach

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8QE

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What would be a reason a company would want to understate income? A. to help nudge its stock price higher B. to lower its tax bill C. to show an increase in overall profits D. to increase investor confidence
Which of the following is CORRECT? Select one: a. When calculating the cost of debt, a company needs to adjust for taxes, because interest payments are deductible by the paying corporation. b. When calculating the cost of preferred stock, companies must adjust for taxes, because dividends paid on preferred stock are deductible by the paying corporation. c. Because of tax effects, an increase in the risk-free rate will have a greater effect on the after-tax cost of common stock as measured by the CAPM. d. Higher flotation costs reduce investors' expected returns, and that leads to a reduction in a company's WACC. e. All of the above are correct. Which of the following is CORRECT? Select one: a. If the NPV of a project is negative, the IRR for the project must also be negative. b. A project's MIRR can never exceed its IRR. c. If a project with normal cash flows has an IRR less than WACC, the project must have a positive NPV. d. If Project 1's IRR exceeds Project 2's IRR, then 1 must…
Which of the following is most correct about the cost of capital? The cost of debt reflects the interest rates on debt capital before taking into account the tax effects. Cost of capital is affected by the required rates of return of each of the source of capital, regardless of the capital structure. The capital asset pricing model is the most widely used model to estimate the cost of common equity. To minimize the cost of capital, firms should borrow more than their capacity because increasing the lower cost of debt yields the lowest cost of capital, thus, enhances shareholder value.
Which of the following statements is correct? a. As Modigliani and Miller made clear in their original work, capital structure does not matter in perfect capital markets. Thus, if capital structure does matter, then it must stem from a market imperfection. b. Because corporations pay taxes on their profits after interest payments are deducted, interest expenses increase the amount of corporate tax firms must pay. c. To determine the loss due the leverage for the value of the firm, we must compute the present value of the stream of future interest tax shields the firm will receive minus the stream of future dividends. d. By increasing the amount paid to debt holders through interest payments, the amount of the pre-tax cash flows that must be paid as taxes increases. e. In general, the gain to lenders from the tax deductibility of interest payments is referred to as the interest tax benefit.
How does the WACC DCF methodology mechanically incorporate interest tax shields (select the best answer)? Group of answer choices By estimating free cash flows that incorporate the tax benefits of debt. By adding the tax benefits of interest payments to the value of the firm. By adding the PV of the interest tax shields to the value of the firm. By estimating a discount rate that incorporates the tax benefits of debt.
Please answer the following follow up questions Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. Support your answers with the relevant explanations. d) The higher the proportion of equity in a company’s overall capital structure, thehigher return required by its debtholders. (Explain your reasoning – in yourexplanation, provide a numerical example supporting your answer.) e) In the presence of corporate taxes, a company would prefer to raise debt onlywhen the benefits of the tax shield fully offset the cost of debt. (Explain yourreasoning – in your explanation, provide a numerical example supporting youranswer.) f) In the presence of bankruptcy risk, the cost of capital of a company with debt is always higher than the cost of capital of an unlevered company. (Explain yourreasoning – in your explanation, provide a numerical example supporting youranswer.)
Why is it important to include the tax effect into cost of capital computations for firms with debt financing? Multiple Choice taxable income is reduced by the amount of the interest expense. taxes are paid on interest but not on dividends. firms pay taxes on the outstanding principal amount of the debt. comparisons with equity financing would otherwise not be possible.
Which of the following statements is CORRECT? a. WACC calculations should be based on the before-tax costs of all the individual capital components. b. Flotation costs associated with issuing new common stock normally reduce the WACC. c. An increase in the risk-free rate will normally lower the marginal costs of both debt and equity financing. d. A change in a company's target capital structure cannot affect its WACC. e. If a company's tax rate increases, then, all else equal, its weighted average cost of capital will decline.
Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. Support your answers with the relevant explanations. a) The higher the proportion of equity in a company’s overall capital structure, thehigher return required by its debtholders. (Explain your reasoning – provide a numerical example supporting your answer.) b) In the presence of corporate taxes, a company would prefer to raise debt onlywhen the benefits of the tax shield fully offset the cost of debt. (Explain yourreasoning – provide a numerical example supporting youranswer.) c) In the presence of bankruptcy risk, the cost of capital of a company with debt is always higher than the cost of capital of an unlevered company. (Explain yourreasoning –, provide a numerical example supporting youranswer.)
When one uses the after-tax weighted average cost of capital (WACC) to value a levered firm, the interest tax shield is: Multiple Choice A) capitalized by the levered cost of equity. B) not accounted for by the use of the WACC. C) automatically considered because the after-tax cost of debt is included within the WACC formula. D) considered by deducting the interest payment from the cash flows.
Under the trade-off theory, lowering the corporate tax rate will incentivize companies to increase the ratio of debt in their capital structure. Question options: a) True b) False
Compare Dividend Valuation Model with Capital Asset Pricing Model in the context of calculating cost of equity? Can use of these two methods result in differing values of business?