A ponderosa pine forest in Colorado has a pine beetle infestation.  The beetles bore into a tree and carry a fungus which ultimately kills the tree.  Let p be the proportion of trees in the forest that are infested. If no preliminary sample is taken to estimate p, how large a sample is necessary to be 90% sure that a point estimate will be within a distance of 0.06 from p? A preliminary study of 58 trees showed that 19 were infested. How many more trees should be included in the sample to be 90% sure that a point estimate will be within a distance of 0.05 from p.

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.