A scientist measures the standard enthalpy change for the following reaction to be -1051.8 kJ2H2S(g)+3 O2(g)-2H2O(g) +2 SO2(g)Based on this value and the standard enthalpies of formation for the other substances, the standard enthalpy of formation of H2O(g) iskJ/molSubmit AnswerRetry Entire Group9 more group attempts remaining

The standard enthalpy formation of water in gas phase is calculated as,

Answered: A scientist measures the standard…

Chemistry

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Author:Steven S. Zumdahl

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Chapter6: Thermochemistry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 77E: Give the definition of the standard enthalpy of formation for a substance. Write separate reactions...

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A 0.470-g sample of magnesium reacts with 200 g dilute HCl in a coffee-cup calorimeter to form MgCl2(aq) and H2(g). The temperature increases by 10.9 C as the magnesium reacts. Assume that the mixture has the same specific heat as water and a mass of 200 g. (a) Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction. Is the process exothermic or endothermic? (b) Write the chemical equation and evaluate H.
The first step in the preparation of lead from its ore (galena, PbS) consists of roasting the ore. PbS(s)+32O2(g)SO2(g)+PbO(s) Calculate the standard enthalpy change for this reaction, using enthalpies of formation (see Appendix C).
Ethanol, C2H5OH, is used as a fuel for motor vehicles, particularly in Brazil. (a) Write the balanced equation for the combustion of ethanol to CO2(g) and H2O(g), and, using the data in Appendix G, calculate the enthalpy of combustion of 1 mole of ethanol. (b) The density of ethanol is 0.7893 g/mL. Calculate the enthalpy of combustion of exactly 1 L of ethanol. (c) Assuming that an automobile’s mileage is directly proportional to the heat of combustion of the fuel, calculate how much farther an automobile could be expected to travel on 1 L of gasoline than on 1 L of ethanol. Assume that gasoline has the heat of combustion and the density of n—octane, C8H18(Hf=208.4kJ/mol;density=0.7025g/mL).
Which of the enthalpies of combustion in Table 5.2 the table are also standard enthalpies of formation?
Compounds with carboncarbon double bonds, such as ethylene, C2H4, add hydrogen in a reaction called hydrogenation. C2H4(g)+H2(g)C2H6(g) Calculate the enthalpy change for this reaction, using the following combustion data: C2H4(g)+3O2(g)2CO2(g)+2H2O(l);H=1411kJC2H6(g)+72O2(g)2CO2(g)+3H2O(l);H=1560kJH2(g)+12O2(g)H2O(l);H=286kJ
9.99 The chemical reaction BBr3(g)+BCl3(g)BBr2Cl(g)+BCl2Br(g) , has an enthalpy change very close to zero. Using Lewis structures of the molecules, all of which have a central boron atom, provide a molecular-level description of why H for this reaction might be very small.
Use standard enthalpies of formation in Appendix L to calculate enthalpy changes for the following: (a) 0.054 g of sulfur burns, forming SO2(g) (b) 0.20 mol of HgO(s) decomposes to Hg() and O2(g) (c) 2.40 g of NH3(g) is formed from N2(g) and excess H2(g) (d) 1.05 102 mol of carbon is oxidized to CO2(g)
Hydrogen sulfide gas is a poisonous gas with the odor of rotten eggs. It occurs in natural gas and is produced during the decay of organic matter, which contains sulfur. The gas burns in oxygen as follows: 2H2S(g)+3O2(g)2H2O(l)+2SO2(g) Calculate the standard enthalpy change for this reaction using standard enthalpies of formation.
The enthalpy change for the following reaction is 393.5 kJ. C(s,graphite)+O2(g)CO2(g) (a) Is energy released from or absorbed by the system in this reaction? (b) What quantities of reactants and products are assumed? (c) Predict the enthalpy change observed when 3.00 g carbon burns in an excess of oxygen.
Chloroform, CHCl3, is formed from methane and chlorine in the following reaction. CH4(g) + 3 Cl2(g) 3 HCl(g) + CHCl3(g) Calculate rH, the enthalpy change for this reaction, using the enthalpies of formation of CO2(g), H2O(), CHCI3(g) (fH = 103.1 kJ/mol), and the enthalpy changes for the following reactions: CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) 2 H2O() + CO2(g) rH = 890.4 kJ/mol-rxn 2 HCl(g) H2(g) + Cl2(g) rH = +184.6 kJ/mol-rans
Give the definition of the standard enthalpy of formation for a substance. Write separate reactions for the formation of NaCl, H2O , C6H12O6, and PbSO4 that have H values equal to Hf for each compound.
Find the enthalpies of the combustion reactions for methane through n-octane. Plot them versus the number of carbon atoms in the molecule, and determine an equation that gives H for the combustion of a given hydrocarbon. Then use the equation to predict the enthalpy of combustion for n-C12H26 and compare it to experimental values.

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