(A) What is the free energy yield associated with the transport of a proton from the mitochondrialintermembrane space (IMS) to the mitochondrial matrix, assuming that the pH of the IMS is 1.4 unitslower than the pH of the matrix?(Hint: Calculate AGO' for the reaction H"IMS > Hmatris using the relationship AG° = RTInKeg andremembering that pH = -log1o[H*]. Assume that T = 310K (37°C), and R = 8.315x10-3 kJ mol-1 K-1.Show your work and include correct units!)

Given,△G = RTlnKeq. Also given that pH of IMS is 1.4 units lower than pH of the matrix. R =…

Answered: (A) What is the free energy yield…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Similar questions

Show the path of electrons from ubiquinone (Q or coenzyme Q) to oxygen in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. One of the two compounds (Q and O2) has a standard reduction potential (E'°) of 0.82 V, and the other, 0.045 V. Which value belongs to each compound? How did you deduce this?
When the antibiotic X is added to actively respiring mitochondria, several things happen: the yield of ATP decreases, the rate of O2 consumption increases, heat is released, and the pH gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane increases. Does X act as an uncoupler or an inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation? Explain the experimental observations in terms of the antibiotic’s ability to transfer K+ ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
An important function of the inner mitochondrial membrane is to provide a selectively permeable barrier to the movement of water soluble molecules and thus to generate different chemical environments on either side of the mem- brane. However, many of the substrates and products of oxidative phosphorylation are water soluble and must cross the inner membrane. How does this transport occur?
Considering that 22.4 kJ/mole is required to transport 1 H+ across the mitochondrial membrane,how much energy is available for proton translocation from the oxidation of FADH2 at Complex II? Answer: 134 kJ/mol Can you please explain why the answer would be 134 kJ/mol?
The fatty acid side chains of the phospholipids in the inner mitochondrial membrane exhibit a large proportion of multiple unsaturations. As a result, will the membrane be hydrophobic or hydrophilic? Also will it be more fluid or more rigid? How do these characteristics help explain the observation that the inner membrane is impermeable to ions such as Mg2+ and Cl–? Hint: what moves these ions through the membrane?
Indicate whether each of the following aspects of the carnitine shuttle system associated with the process of B oxidation occurs in the mitochondrial matrix or in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. a. Acyl CoA is reactant b. Carnitine enters the inner mitochondrial membrane. c. Carnitine is covered to acyl carnitine. d. Free CoA is reactant
Fill in the bold using the table. Because the inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to L, when there is an excess of mitochondrial L, it converts to M using a TCA condensation reaction, M crosses to the cytosol using a designated transport system. In the cytosol, M reconverts to L and oxaloacetate. Oxaloacetate is subsequently converted to malate with simultaneous production of N, a prerequisite cofactor for the glycolysis pathway. This reaction is then followed by conversion of N to pyruvate which produces O, a prerequisite cofactor for the fatty acid synthesis pathway. L M N O A. ATP pyruvate malate NADPH B. ATP citrate ATP NAD+ C. acetyl CoA pyruvate NAD+ NADH D. acetyl CoA citrate NAD+ NADPH E. glucose pyruvate malate NADP+
1 a) What is meant by the ATP currency exchange ratio? Why does the oxidation of mitochondrial FADH2 generate one less ATP than oxidation of mitochondrial NADH? b) If 12 H+ are moved across the inner mitochondrial membrane by NADH oxidation, and each ATP synthesized requires 3 H+ to move through ATP synthase, why are only 3 ATP molecules produced by oxidation of each NADH?
For the mitochondrial membrane described in pic, how many protons must be transported to provide enough free energy for the synthesis of 1 mol of ATP (assuming standard biochemical conditions)?
Calculate the number of usable ATP molecules produced per pair of electrons transferred from NADH to oxygen, if (i) five protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane for each electron passed through the three respiratory enzyme complexes, (ii) three protons must pass through the ATP synthase for each ATP molecule that it produces from ADP and inorganic phosphate inside the mitochondrion, and (iii) one proton is used to produce the voltage gradient needed to transport each ATP molecule out of the mitochondrion to the cytosol where it is used.
Assuming that 3 H+ are transported per ATP synthesized in the mitochondrial matrix, the membrane potential difference is 0.18V (negative inside), and the pH difference is 2 unit (acid outside, basic inside), calculate the largest ratio of ATP/(ADP)(Pi) under which synthesis of ATP can occur. (gas constant 8.3J/mole, F is 96,485 kJ/V, T in , Co +273)
What is the major route for protons moving from the inter membrane space back into the mitochondrial matrix during oxidative phosphorylation? 1. Protons carried across the membrane by a molecule of dinitrophenol 2. Protons are transported along with ADP by the ATP/ADP translocase.3. Protons enter the half channel in subunit a facing the inter membrane space and exit via the half channel facing the mitochondrial matrix. Choose 1 correct answer explain? Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion

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