Account for the several infl ammatory symptoms that occur in the injection site when one has been vaccinated against infl uenza and tetanus.

Q: Give an immunological explanation as to why people can getinfluenza every year even though they have…

A: Immunity is the balanced state of multicellular organisms having adequate biological defense to…

Q: Describe the immunological responce to chlamydia in women.

A: INTRODUCTION Chlamydia Chlamydia trachomatis can cause sexually transmitted disease. The diseases…

Q: Part A Describe the three types of transmission-based precautions recommended by the Centers for…

A: When standard precautions alone do not completely prevent communicable disease transmission,…

Q: How is a person tested for HIV and what are the tests called that are used in the labaortory?

A: Immune system is defined as the complex network of cells, tissues, organs and other substances that…

Q: Explain the difference between the oral polio vaccine and the inactivated polio vaccine, and under…

A: Poliomyelitis is a virus infection. The poliovirus affects the brain, muscles, and spinal cord. The…

Q: Defi ne zoonosis and describe the diffi culties in controlling zoonotic infections.

A: Zoonosis, also known as zoonotic disease, haa become one of the major public health problems…

Q: Why might a therapy based on colonization of theskin by selected Propionibacterium strains be…

A: Acne is a cutaneous inflammatory disease of the skin. it is mainly caused when the hair follicles…

Q: Describe how both active and passive immunization can be used to combat tetanus.

A: Injecting the antibodies into the systemic circulation is the process involved in artificially…

Q: Compare direct, indirect, sandwich, and combination EIAs withrespect to their ability to identify…

A: Immunological techniques are employed to detect the possible antigen-antibody interactions between…

Q: Differentiate malaria, dengue and typhoid fever according to the periodicity of fever.

A: Dengue fever and malaria are the two significant general health related worries in the tropical and…

Q: Describe the immunological responce to chlamydiae in men.

A: Chlamydiae is a bacterial infection that occurs by se*xually transmitted disease(STD) through…

Q: Differentiate between the hypersensitivity reactions involvingan incompatible blood transfusion and…

A: Any condition that interferes with normal body functioning is considered a disease. Immunity is the…

Q: Explain the importance of the three major surface antigens seen ingram-negative enteric rods.

A: Gram-negative bacteria, in contrast to Gram-positive bacteria, possess a number of complex surface…

Q: Infection with N. gonorrhea does not confer lifelong protection from reinfection. Why do you think…

A: Gonorrhea is defined as a type of sexually transmitted disease that is caused by the gram-negative…

Q: Explain how it is possible for people to give a false-positive reactionin blood tests for syphilis,…

A: Syphilis is caused by  bacterium Treponema pallidum. And it can be detected with blood test called…

Q: Explain the reasons for an increase in numbers of pertussis cases.(Think vaccine.)

A: The term pertussis or the 100-day cough is commonly known as whooping cough. The initial symptoms…

Q: Give two ways in which the chancre of chancroid differs from the chancre of syphilis.

A: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease which is caused by Treponema Pallidium. Cancroid is…

Q: a. Explain why Trichomonas vaginalis is less likely to be transmittedby casual contact.b. What is…

A: Infections passed from one person to another through sexual intimacy are known as sexually…

Q: One of the symptoms of patients with severe Corona virus infection is acidosis. Explain why this may…

A: Coronavirus forms the group of RNA (ribonucleic acid) viruses that are pathogenic to birds and…

Q: Describe the immunological response to chlamydiae.

A: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most common bacterial sexually transferred infection on the…

Q: Explain two ways that pneumococci “hide” inside body cells.

A: Pneumococci They belong to the group of streptococcus bacteria. They cause many diseases in the…

Q: Discuss that, Is Widal test a confirmatory test for typhoid fever?

A: Enteric fever is caused by certain strains of the genus Salmonella. The diagnosis is dependent on…

Q: Describe the clonal selection theory in human physiology and it's application to rubeola infection…

A: Measles is caused by Rubeola virus, which belongs to the Paramyxovirus family. It is an acute…

Q: Explain the reasons for changes in antibody titer for a singleinfectious agent, from the acute phase…

A: Antigen is a foreign particle or infectious agent which elicits the immune response in one body and…

Q: Which vaccine utilizes whole Bordetella pertussis cells to initiate an immune response? a. DTaP d.…

A: Vaccines are either made up of whole cells of the pathogen or contain antigenic parts of the…

Q: what factors influence the host's susceptibility to dengue

A: Dangerous Components of the DHF consist of Aedes mosquito contamination, heat and humid climate that…

Q: Describe the immunological response to the chlamydia infection (bacteria) in women

A: Chlamydia  It is a common, sexually transmitted infection that is caused by the bacteria Chlamydia…

Q: Explain why simply having antibodies specific forH. capsulatum in the bloodstream is not evidenceof…

A: In our body there are special system called the IMMUNE SYSTEM that fights against the infections.…

Q: Which of the following could be an effect of type III hypersensitivity? Select one: a. All of these…

A: Hypersensitivity reaction is a condition in which the immune system's ordinarily protective function…

Q: Describe the cause and lesions associated with theinflammatory conditions psoriasis…

A: Skin provides many important functions in that it helps in providing the first line of defense…

Q: Describe the effects of streptococcal haemoysins giving an example of streptococci that can manifest…

A: The lysis of erythrocytes is known as hemolysis and the enzyme catalyzing this reaction is called…

Q: Explain why the Salk vaccine is currently recommended over theSabin vaccine in the United States.

A: Vaccination is the process of administration of a vaccine, which helps the immune system develop…

Q: Describe the production of influenza vaccine.

A: A virus is a submicroscopic infectious particle that replicates only inside the living cells of an…

Q: a. Name the three species of pyogenic cocci most commonlyimplicated in neonatal disease.b. Explain…

A: Bacteria are single-celled prokaryotes ubiquitous in nature. As such, they can be found in different…

Q: Compare and contrast measles, mumps, and rubella.Include a description of the pathogen, major…

A: Infectious or communicable diseases are those in which the causative organism is carried from one…

Q: a. Explain the significance and limitations of apositive tuberculin test.b. Explain the conditions…

A: Tuberculosis It is a contagious lung parenchymal infection caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis.…

Q: Determine resources required to immunize 10,000 women between 15 to 45 years of age with twe…

A: Tetanus vaccine: Another name we use to define this term is the tetanus toxoid. This is the vaccine…

Q: Give an immunological explanation as to why people can get infl uenza every year even though they…

A: A type of medicine that trains the body's immune system so that it can fight a disease it has not…

Q: a. W hy does syphilis have such profound effects on the human body? b. Why is long-term immunity to…

A: Syphilis is a highly communicable and contagious Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) disease.The…

Q: What conclusion can be drawn from the fact that manyadolescents who had completed the immunization…

A: Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that have an undefined nucleus and nuclear membrane. Most of the…

Q: Explain how our immune system reacts to an attacking tetanus infection.

A: Thank you for the question  Answer :- Tetanus infection is caused by Clostridium tetani bacteria. It…

Q: Explain how the pathogenesis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) leads to the presence of heterophile…

A: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection induces specific antibodies to EBV and various unrelated non-EBV…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.