Need help for both question All of the following are epigenetic mechanisms that can influence a gene's functionEXCEPT?O Post-translational modifications to histone proteinsO Production of small RNAS complementary to the mRNA sequenceO DNA methylation of the promoterMutation of the start site of transcriptionQuestion 2A hallmark of an epigenetic trait that distinguishes it from a genetic trait is:O The trait must be caused by histone acetylationO The trait is inherited through generationsO The trait is not caused by a change in DNA sequenceO The progeny breed true-

The epigenetic control of DNA occurs when the changes in the phenotype occur without a change in the…

All of the following are epigenetic mechanisms that can influence a gene's function EXCEPT? O Post-translational modifications to histone proteins O Production of small RNAS complementary to the mRNA sequence O DNA methylation of the promoter O Mutation of the start site of transcription Question 2 A hallmark of an epigenetic trait that distinguishes it from a genetic trait is: O The trait must be caused by histone acetylation O The trait is inherited through generations O The trait is not caused by a change in DNA sequence O The progeny breed true-

All of the following are epigenetic mechanisms that can influence a gene's function EXCEPT? O Post-translational modifications to histone proteins O Production of small RNAS complementary to the mRNA sequence O DNA methylation of the promoter O Mutation of the start site of transcription Question 2 A hallmark of an epigenetic trait that distinguishes it from a genetic trait is: O The trait must be caused by histone acetylation O The trait is inherited through generations O The trait is not caused by a change in DNA sequence O The progeny breed true-

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter14: Gene Regulation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8TYU: Through alternative splicing, eukaryotes (a) reinforce gene inactivation (b) prevent transcription...

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How do dietary factors interact with DNA methyltransferase to affect an organism's phenotype in an epigenetic manner? Some dietary factors degrade DNA methyltransferase, preventing it from removing methyl groups from sections of DNA, thereby altering gene expression Some dietary factors interact with methyl groups directly preventing DNA methyltransferase from methylating any DNA, changing gene expression in the organism as a result Some dietary factors inhibit DNA methyltransferaseactivity, reducing the methylation of the organism's DNA and changing its gene expression Some dietary factors bind toDNA methyltransferaseand enable it to methylateDNA, thereby changing geneexpression Some dietary factors upregulate DNA methyltransferase activity, increasing the overall methylationof the organism's DNA and changing its gene expression
What epigenetic modification(s) would you expect to see near a gene promoter where transcription is occurring? Histone acetylation 2.)Histone methylation 3.)DNA methylation 4.) a&c 5.) b&c
which is the following is not a step in the process of de novo gene birth? o translated peptides provide some benefit to the orhganism, leading to selection for increased expression. o the open reading frame picks up sequences that enable recognition of its transcribed mRNA by the ribosome. o an open reading frame is created through mutations. o the gene copy number changes as a result of gene duplication to make paralogs.
Epigenetic marks regulate gene expression. Which epigenetic mark is NOT associated with positive gene expression? A. Histone acetylation B. Histone Methylation C. De-methylated DNA D. Methylated DNA
Which of the following mutations could be appropriately describedas a position effect?A. A point mutation at the –10 position in the promoter regionprevents transcription. B. A translocation places the coding sequence for a muscle-specificgene next to an enhancer that is turned on in nerve cells.C. An inversion flips a gene from the long arm of chromosome 17(which is euchromatic) to the short arm (which isheterochromatic).
Let’s suppose an X-linked gene in mice exists as two alleles, whichwe will call B and b. X-chromosome inactivation, a process inwhich one X chromosome is turned off, occurs in the somatic cellsof female mammals . Allele B encodes an mRNA that is 900 nucleotides long, whereas allele b contains a small deletion that shortens the mRNA to a length of 825 nucleotides.Draw the expected Northern blot that will be obtained usingmRNA isolated from somatic tissue of the followingmice:Lane 1. mRNA from an XbY male mouseLane 2. mRNA from an XbXb female mouseLane 3. mRNA from an XBXb female mouse.Note: The sample taken from the female mouse is not from aclone of cells. It is from a tissue sample, like the one shown.
Recently, scientists constructed a transgene that expresses a mutant form of Drosophila histone H3 inwhich lysine 27 in the histone tail was changed to methionine (H3K27M). Expression of the H3K27Mtransgene results in aberrant development of fruit fliesbecause of inappropriate expression of many differentgenes. Explain this finding.
Which of the following are examples of molecular changes thatcan have an epigenetic effect on gene expression?a. Chromatin remodelingb. Covalent histone modificationc. Localization of histone variantsd. DNA methylatione. Feedback loopsf. All of the above
The following is a list of mutations that have beendiscovered in a gene that has more than 60 exons andencodes a very large protein of 2532 amino acids.Indicate whether or not each mutation could cause adetectable change in the size or the amount of mRNAand/or a detectable change in the size or the amountof the protein product. (Detectable changes in size oramount must be greater than 1% of normal values.)What kind of change would you predict?a. Lys576Val (changes amino acid 576 from lysineinto valine)b. Lys576Argc. AAG576AAA (changes codon 576 from AAG toAAA)d. AAG576UAGe. Met1Arg (at least two possible scenarios exist forthis mutation)f. promoter mutationg. one base pair insertion into codon 1841h. deletion of codon 779i. IVS18DS, G–A, + 1 (this mutation changes thefirst nucleotide in the eighteenth intron of the gene,causing exon 18 to be spliced to exon 20, thusskipping exon 19)j. deletion of the poly-A addition sitek. G-to-A substitution in the 5′ UTRl. insertion of 1000 base…
Drosophila geneticists have isolated many mutationsthat modify position-effect variegation. Dominantsuppressors of variegation [Su(var)s] cause less frequent inactivation of genes brought near heterochromatin by chromosome rearrangements, whiledominant enhancers of variegation [E(var)s] causemore frequent inactivation of such genes.a. What effects would each of these two kinds of mutations have on position-effect variegation of thewhite gene in Drosophila (that is, would the eyesbe more red or more white)?b. Assuming that these Su(var) and E(var) mutationsare loss-of-function (null) alleles in the corresponding genes, what kinds of proteins do youthink these genes might encode?
Categorize each of the following events as an example of genetic inheritance or epigeneticinheritance. a. For a line of liver cells growing in a laboratory, a gene encoding an immune cytokine isfound in compact chromatin.b. A chromosomal rearrangement in a blood stem cell leads to leukemia.c. Haploid bees are male, and diploid bees are female.d. Among genetically identical lab mice, those exposed to cigarette smoke have a higherrate of developing lung tumors
To what extend does environmental factors on proteins influence gene expression and using the notion of nucleosome remodling as an epigenetic mechanism to decrease or increase gene expression propose an ezamples that depicts environmental cause that decrease or increase gene expression leading to human disease