An agent for a residential real estate company has the business objective of developing more accurate estimates of the monthly rental cost of apartments. Toward that goal, the agent would like to use the size of the apartment as defined by square footage to predict monthly rental cost. The agent selects a sample of 100 one-bedroom apartments and collects the data given in the worksheet labeled "Problem 6" in the spreadsheet Final_SU2020_Data_Sets.xlsx. Construct a scatter plot of the data. Comment on the relationship between square footage (x) and monthly cost (y). Fit the simple linear regression model y = Bo + B1x + €, where y denotes cost, x denotes square footage and e~N(0, 02). Using the data and the method of ordinary least squares, determine the estimates for Bo and B1, say bo and b . Compute the coefficient of determination and interpret this measure. Construct a 95% confidence interval on the slope of the linear regression model. Is there evidence that the model slope is not equal to zero? Explain. Plot the standardized residuals versus x, as well as a normal probability plot of the standardized residuals. What do these plots suggest about the model assumptions? Predict the mean monthly rent for an apartment that has 850 square feet. 7. 1. 2. 3. 4. 6. Construct a 95% confidence interval on the mean monthly rent for an apartment that has 850 square feet. 8. Construct a 95% prediction interval on monthly rent for an apartment that has 850 square feet. 5.
Minimization
In mathematics, traditional optimization problems are typically expressed in terms of minimization. When we talk about minimizing or maximizing a function, we refer to the maximum and minimum possible values of that function. This can be expressed in terms of global or local range. The definition of minimization in the thesaurus is the process of reducing something to a small amount, value, or position. Minimization (noun) is an instance of belittling or disparagement.
Maxima and Minima
The extreme points of a function are the maximum and the minimum points of the function. A maximum is attained when the function takes the maximum value and a minimum is attained when the function takes the minimum value.
Derivatives
A derivative means a change. Geometrically it can be represented as a line with some steepness. Imagine climbing a mountain which is very steep and 500 meters high. Is it easier to climb? Definitely not! Suppose walking on the road for 500 meters. Which one would be easier? Walking on the road would be much easier than climbing a mountain.
Concavity
In calculus, concavity is a descriptor of mathematics that tells about the shape of the graph. It is the parameter that helps to estimate the maximum and minimum value of any of the functions and the concave nature using the graphical method. We use the first derivative test and second derivative test to understand the concave behavior of the function.
Data Set
Observation | Cost (y) | Sq Ft (x) |
1 | 1375.45 | 932.57 |
2 | 1101.84 | 748.51 |
3 | 1117.36 | 802.89 |
4 | 1264.47 | 863.70 |
5 | 1153.78 | 820.81 |
6 | 1284.78 | 880.18 |
7 | 1347.72 | 889.99 |
8 | 1153.94 | 757.00 |
9 | 1227.91 | 832.32 |
10 | 940.92 | 636.79 |
11 | 1451.17 | 964.54 |
12 | 1227.46 | 787.09 |
13 | 1223.59 | 729.62 |
14 | 1299.92 | 824.61 |
15 | 1033.04 | 707.14 |
16 | 1332.67 | 847.91 |
17 | 1167.35 | 793.93 |
18 | 1424.59 | 1067.78 |
19 | 1212.05 | 963.85 |
20 | 730.11 | 600.31 |
21 | 1318.49 | 894.13 |
22 | 1004.32 | 710.19 |
23 | 1165.73 | 824.49 |
24 | 1304.73 | 866.44 |
25 | 1322.26 | 924.77 |
26 | 1171.99 | 822.70 |
27 | 1573.41 | 1007.63 |
28 | 1282.09 | 801.91 |
29 | 1568.79 | 882.75 |
30 | 1405.95 | 916.47 |
31 | 1294.61 | 858.52 |
32 | 1350.73 | 938.10 |
33 | 1304.96 | 882.32 |
34 | 1153.32 | 771.59 |
35 | 829.62 | 669.46 |
36 | 1529.05 | 1035.86 |
37 | 1260.27 | 789.55 |
38 | 1234.43 | 860.34 |
39 | 1409.90 | 906.32 |
40 | 1392.18 | 861.36 |
41 | 1248.01 | 759.53 |
42 | 1283.53 | 803.23 |
43 | 1031.28 | 837.51 |
44 | 1441.41 | 997.90 |
45 | 1237.03 | 763.92 |
46 | 1433.17 | 928.47 |
47 | 1322.78 | 880.86 |
48 | 1284.61 | 826.61 |
49 | 1230.46 | 744.30 |
50 | 1248.76 | 821.59 |
51 | 1187.13 | 841.33 |
52 | 1037.57 | 703.06 |
53 | 1284.05 | 869.22 |
54 | 1242.33 | 767.77 |
55 | 1303.09 | 840.58 |
56 | 1381.18 | 883.62 |
57 | 1155.09 | 759.53 |
58 | 1196.53 | 821.17 |
59 | 1334.62 | 885.01 |
60 | 1022.29 | 666.41 |
61 | 1291.58 | 953.60 |
62 | 1657.56 | 1092.45 |
63 | 1512.67 | 945.94 |
64 | 1217.62 | 818.42 |
65 | 1497.53 | 892.86 |
66 | 1176.65 | 746.40 |
67 | 1515.65 | 1037.79 |
68 | 1401.71 | 944.07 |
69 | 1366.58 | 928.73 |
70 | 1168.73 | 762.41 |
71 | 1399.46 | 881.99 |
72 | 1163.06 | 794.17 |
73 | 1275.13 | 818.86 |
74 | 1366.03 | 793.00 |
75 | 1215.29 | 747.43 |
76 | 1222.21 | 759.13 |
77 | 1163.03 | 829.01 |
78 | 967.75 | 680.11 |
79 | 1391.40 | 910.76 |
80 | 1248.27 | 838.22 |
81 | 1218.37 | 919.92 |
82 | 1165.00 | 876.96 |
83 | 1452.76 | 899.43 |
84 | 977.72 | 701.69 |
85 | 1330.79 | 747.97 |
86 | 986.75 | 805.30 |
87 | 1337.33 | 860.97 |
88 | 1445.37 | 962.87 |
89 | 1156.88 | 821.00 |
90 | 1505.67 | 976.16 |
91 | 1267.93 | 897.54 |
92 | 1538.10 | 967.41 |
93 | 1301.73 | 862.69 |
94 | 1013.54 | 784.32 |
95 | 811.32 | 701.86 |
96 | 1270.94 | 865.55 |
97 | 1513.36 | 931.86 |
98 | 1250.23 | 820.74 |
99 | 1200.31 | 795.92 |
100 | 1298.48 | 819.14 |
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