An ideal gas is confined within a thermally isolated cylinder. It consists of N atoms initially at a pressure of p0. A movable piston seals the right end of the cylinder, as shown in the figure. (Figure 1)A given amount of heat Q is slowly added to the gas, while the piston allows the gas to expand in such a way that the gas's temperature remains constant at T0. A) As heat is added, the pressure in this gas __________. increases decreases remains constant cannot be determined B) Is the internal energy of the gas the same before and after Q is added? yes no C) Does the second law of thermodynamics forbid converting all of the absorbed heat Q into work done by the piston? yes no D) The (Kelvin-Planck statement of the) second law of thermodynamics reads as follows:It is impossible for an engine working in a cycle to produce no other effect than that of extracting heat from a reservoir and performing an equivalent amount of work.The phrase "in a cycle" does not apply in this situation, so the second law does not forbid heat being converted entirely into work. For this particular problem, is all of the heat energy absorbed by the gas in fact turned into work done on the piston? yes no E) Does the magnitude of the force that the gas exerts on the piston depend on the piston's area? yes no F) Is the total work done by the gas independent of the area of the piston? yes no
An ideal gas is confined within a thermally isolated cylinder. It consists of N atoms initially at a pressure of p0. A movable piston seals the right end of the cylinder, as shown in the figure. (Figure 1)A given amount of heat Q is slowly added to the gas, while the piston allows the gas to expand in such a way that the gas's temperature remains constant at T0.
A) As heat is added, the pressure in this gas __________.
| increases |
| decreases |
| remains constant |
| cannot be determined |
B) Is the internal energy of the gas the same before and after Q is added?
| yes |
| no |
C) Does the second law of
| yes |
| no |
D) The (Kelvin-Planck statement of the) second law of thermodynamics reads as follows:It is impossible for an engine working in a cycle to produce no other effect than that of extracting heat from a reservoir and performing an equivalent amount of work.The phrase "in a cycle" does not apply in this situation, so the second law does not forbid heat being converted entirely into work. For this particular problem, is all of the heat energy absorbed by the gas in fact turned into work done on the piston?
| yes |
| no |
E) Does the magnitude of the force that the gas exerts on the piston depend on the piston's area?
| yes |
| no |
F) Is the total work done by the gas independent of the area of the piston?
| yes |
| no |
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