Animal Number of Amino Acid Differences Compared to Human Cytochrome C Animal Number of Amino Acid Differences Compared to Human Cytochrome C Horse Chicken Tuna Shark Turtle 7 Monkey Rabbit Frog Based on the Cytochrome C data, which organism is closely related to humans? Why?

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305967359
Author:STARR
Publisher:STARR
Chapter18: Life's Origin And Early Evolution
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 5SA: RNA in ribosome catalyzes formation of peptide bonds in all organisms. This supports the hypothesis...
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D. Evidence from Molecular Biology
Many organisms have similar molecules of life (RNA, DNA, proteins) that suggest descent from a
common ancestor with modifications. The near universality of the genetic code reflects an evidence
of common ancestry and relatedness and can be inferred from the similarities in the DNA sequences
between and among organisms.
D.1 Cytochrome e is a protein found in mitochondria. It is used in the study of evolutionary relationships
because most animals have this protein. Cytochrome c is made of 104 amino acids joined together. Below
is a list of the amino acids in part of a cytochrome protein molecule for 9 different animals. The capital
letters indicate the different amino acids found in proteins. Encircle any amino acids in each species that
are different from the human sequence. When you finish, record how many differences you found in the
table on the next page. One species is done for you as an example.
42 43 44 46 47 49 50 53 54 55 56 57 58 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 100 101 102 103 104
GEDTL
O GEDT
N KGI
KGI
KG
SKGI
KNKGI
KSKG
Human
A
PY
A
K
M
K
A
T.
A O0 S
E O A
Chicken
K
N
M
Horse
A
F
K
N
K
E
ET
M
K
A
AEFS
OAAFSTD
O A O FSTD
O A EFS TE
O A PY sTA
AVFS
NET
N
E ET
Tuna
D
K
V
R
K
A
Frog
G
L
M
E
A
TQQE T
R
Shark
K
A
A
K N KGI IGEEILM
TSK
NE
Turtle
E
D
A
Monkey
KN KGI
GEDT
L
M
E
K
A
Rabbit
K
N
K
G
E
D
T.
L
M
K
A
N
E
Transcribed Image Text:D. Evidence from Molecular Biology Many organisms have similar molecules of life (RNA, DNA, proteins) that suggest descent from a common ancestor with modifications. The near universality of the genetic code reflects an evidence of common ancestry and relatedness and can be inferred from the similarities in the DNA sequences between and among organisms. D.1 Cytochrome e is a protein found in mitochondria. It is used in the study of evolutionary relationships because most animals have this protein. Cytochrome c is made of 104 amino acids joined together. Below is a list of the amino acids in part of a cytochrome protein molecule for 9 different animals. The capital letters indicate the different amino acids found in proteins. Encircle any amino acids in each species that are different from the human sequence. When you finish, record how many differences you found in the table on the next page. One species is done for you as an example. 42 43 44 46 47 49 50 53 54 55 56 57 58 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 100 101 102 103 104 GEDTL O GEDT N KGI KGI KG SKGI KNKGI KSKG Human A PY A K M K A T. A O0 S E O A Chicken K N M Horse A F K N K E ET M K A AEFS OAAFSTD O A O FSTD O A EFS TE O A PY sTA AVFS NET N E ET Tuna D K V R K A Frog G L M E A TQQE T R Shark K A A K N KGI IGEEILM TSK NE Turtle E D A Monkey KN KGI GEDT L M E K A Rabbit K N K G E D T. L M K A N E
Animal
Number of Amino Acid
Animal
Number of Amino Acid
Differences Compared to
Human Cytochrome C
Differences Compared to
Human Cytochrome C
Horse
Chicken
Shark
7
Turtle
Monkey
Rabbit
Tuna
Frog
Based on the Cytochrome C data, which organism is closely related to humans? Why?
Transcribed Image Text:Animal Number of Amino Acid Animal Number of Amino Acid Differences Compared to Human Cytochrome C Differences Compared to Human Cytochrome C Horse Chicken Shark 7 Turtle Monkey Rabbit Tuna Frog Based on the Cytochrome C data, which organism is closely related to humans? Why?
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