BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305967359
Author: STARR
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 5SA
RNA in ribosome catalyzes formation of peptide bonds in all organisms. This supports the hypothesis that______.
| a. RNA can hold more information than DNA |
| b. RNA is more stable than DNA |
| c an RNA world existed prior to the rise of DNA |
| d. proteins evolved before RNA |
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Which event contradicts the central dogma of molecular biology? a. Poly-A polymerase enzymes process mRNA in the nucleus. b. Endonuclease enzymes splice out and repair damaged DNA. c. Scientists use reverse transcriptase enzymes to make DNA from RNA. d. Codons specifying amino acids are degenerate and universal.
The Miller experiment did not create life, nor did the gases used resemble Earth’s first atmosphere as we presently understand it. The experiment was important because it
a.
showed that complex organic molecules can form under a variety of circumstances.
b.
synthesized the carbon atom.
c.
produced a DNA by-product that eventually leads to RNA and other bases.
d.
produced RNA, which later formed proteins out of the amino acids.
e.
synthesized the four bases needed for the production of DNA.
Which result from the Miller and Urey experiment provides evidence that the molecules of life could have spontaneously been produced in the ancient Earth environment?
a
After their experiment, they produced DNA from amino acids.
b
They showed how DNA can be produced from simple molecules that included water, oxygen, carbohydrates, and lipids.
c
Their experiment produced amino acids—the building blocks of life—from chemicals that existed in the environment of ancient Earth.
d
Miller and Urey's experiment provided evidence that showed that although oxygen was lacking in the environment of ancient Earth, it could be readily made from the decomposition of rocks and minerals.
Chapter 18 Solutions
BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
Ch. 18 - An abundance of___________ in Earths early...Ch. 18 - The first interval of Earths existence is called...Ch. 18 - The prevalence of ironsulfur cofactors in...Ch. 18 - Miller and Urey created a reaction chamber that...Ch. 18 - RNA in ribosome catalyzes formation of peptide...Ch. 18 - By one hypothesis, clay________. a. facilitated...Ch. 18 - Photosynthesis carried out by one group of...Ch. 18 - Mitochondria are most closely related to...Ch. 18 - The presence of ozone in the upper atmosphere...Ch. 18 - A ribozyme consists of ___________. a. clay c. DNA...
Ch. 18 - A rise in oxygen in Earths air and seas set the...Ch. 18 - Which of the following was not present by the end...Ch. 18 - The first chloroplasts evolved from ___________....Ch. 18 - During the Precambrian, _______. a. atmospheric...Ch. 18 - Arrange these events in order of occurrence, with...Ch. 18 - Researchers looking for fossils of the earliest...Ch. 18 - Rickettsia bacteria always live as parasites...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- By one hypothesis, clay________. a. facilitated assembly of early polypeptides b. was present at hydrothermal vents c. provided energy for early metabolism d. served as an early genomearrow_forwardThe diagram to the right shows how tiles can be put together in different ways. How does this example relate to the role of DNA as the universal genetic material in organisms?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is the primary function of RNA molecule? A) transmit genetic information to offspring B) make a copy of itself, thus ensuring genetic continuity C) function in the synthesis of proteins D) act as a pattern or blueprint to form DNAarrow_forward
- In its organization, chloroplast DNA is most similar to a. bacteria. b. archaea. c. nuclear DNA of plants. d. nuclear DNA of primitive eukaryotesarrow_forwardExplain why scientists preferred proteins as the source of genetic material over DNA. A. DNA seemed too simple of a molecule compared to proteins B. Proteins are made up of combinations of 20 different amino acids compared to DNA's 4 bases. The larger number seemed more likely to account for all the variety and diversity in organisms. C. Scientists knew more about proteins than they did DNA. D. All of the answers are correct explanations.arrow_forwardMany scientists think that _______________ was the first information molecule to evolve. (a) DNA (b) RNA (c) a protein (d) an amino acid (e) a lipidarrow_forward
- Which scenario would NOT cause a change to the amino acid that is added to a polypeptide chain? a. The mRNA sequence UCC changes to UCG. b. The mRNA sequence UCU changes to UAA. c. The mRNA sequence UCU changes to UUU. d. The mRNA sequence UCU changes to UGC. e. The mRNA sequence CGG changes to CAG.arrow_forwardThe information a cell needs to function is found on the DNA molecule in the form of a. multiple combinations of unknown chemicals. b. RNA subgroups. c. a spiral helix. d. four bases and the order in which they appear.arrow_forwardModels of real-world phenomena can reveal important links between structure and function in biology. Describe how the structure of DNA revealed by theWatson and Crick model suggests how it functions in living things.arrow_forward
- Levene made which contribution to our understanding of DNA structure? a. He determined that the nucleus contains DNA. b. He determined that DNA contains four nitrogenous bases c. He determined that DNA consists of nucleotides. d. He determined that the nitrogenous bases of DNA are present in regular ratiosarrow_forwardThe new classification of the 3 Domains of life is based on: a) comparisons of the ribosome b) comparison of the larger ribosomal subunit c) comparison of the small ribosomal subunit d) comparison of entire genomic component e) a & darrow_forwardThe backbone of DNA molecule is made of? a. nucleotides b. alternating phosphates and bases c. alternating bases and sugars d. alternating sugar and phosphate moleculesarrow_forward
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