Database System Concepts
Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780078022159
Author: Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Running Time of Application
The application has a feature called running time. It is one of the parameters for measuring its performance. It is written in a particular language and is designed to perform a specific task. Applications run in a specific environment. The execution of …
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In C++ programing，

**Question:** At run-time, a programmer can dynamically add to the set of Color values to specify a new additional value for Color::BROWN. **Options:** - True (not selected) - False (selected) **Explanation:** This question addresses whether it is possible to dynamically add new values to an enumeration at runtime. In many programming languages, such as C++ or Java, enumerations (enums) are static and defined at compile-time, meaning their set of values is fixed and cannot be modified at runtime. Therefore, the correct answer here is "False," indicating that it is not possible to dynamically add new enumeration values, like `Color::BROWN`, during runtime.
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Transcribed Image Text:**Question:** At run-time, a programmer can dynamically add to the set of Color values to specify a new additional value for Color::BROWN. **Options:** - True (not selected) - False (selected) **Explanation:** This question addresses whether it is possible to dynamically add new values to an enumeration at runtime. In many programming languages, such as C++ or Java, enumerations (enums) are static and defined at compile-time, meaning their set of values is fixed and cannot be modified at runtime. Therefore, the correct answer here is "False," indicating that it is not possible to dynamically add new enumeration values, like `Color::BROWN`, during runtime.
For the next few questions, please refer to the following declarations: ```cpp enum class Color { RED, WHITE, BLUE, YELLOW, BLACK, ORANGE, GREEN, PURPLE }; enum class UC { BERKELEY, DAVIS, IRVINE = 3, RIVERSIDE, LOS ANGELES, MERCED, SAN DIEGO = 2, SANTA BARBARA, SANTA CRUZ, SAN FRANCISCO }; ``` ### Explanation: - **Color Enum:** - This is an enumeration of colors: RED, WHITE, BLUE, YELLOW, BLACK, ORANGE, GREEN, and PURPLE. Each color is implicitly assigned an integer value starting from 0, based on their order. - **UC Enum:** - This enumeration lists various campuses within the University of California system: BERKELEY, DAVIS, IRVINE, RIVERSIDE, LOS ANGELES, MERCED, SAN DIEGO, SANTA BARBARA, SANTA CRUZ, and SAN FRANCISCO. - Specific integer values are assigned to IRVINE (3) and SAN DIEGO (2), which dictate their positions and alter subsequent assignments. IRVINE's explicit value assignment affects the values of the subsequent members starting from RIVERSIDE.
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Transcribed Image Text:For the next few questions, please refer to the following declarations: ```cpp enum class Color { RED, WHITE, BLUE, YELLOW, BLACK, ORANGE, GREEN, PURPLE }; enum class UC { BERKELEY, DAVIS, IRVINE = 3, RIVERSIDE, LOS ANGELES, MERCED, SAN DIEGO = 2, SANTA BARBARA, SANTA CRUZ, SAN FRANCISCO }; ``` ### Explanation: - **Color Enum:** - This is an enumeration of colors: RED, WHITE, BLUE, YELLOW, BLACK, ORANGE, GREEN, and PURPLE. Each color is implicitly assigned an integer value starting from 0, based on their order. - **UC Enum:** - This enumeration lists various campuses within the University of California system: BERKELEY, DAVIS, IRVINE, RIVERSIDE, LOS ANGELES, MERCED, SAN DIEGO, SANTA BARBARA, SANTA CRUZ, and SAN FRANCISCO. - Specific integer values are assigned to IRVINE (3) and SAN DIEGO (2), which dictate their positions and alter subsequent assignments. IRVINE's explicit value assignment affects the values of the subsequent members starting from RIVERSIDE.
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Step 1: Introduction

In many programming languages, an enumeration, or "enum," defines a collection of constant symbolic names (enumerators) that translate to unique, preset integer values. By giving values meaningful names, symbolic names improve code readability and maintainability. Enums are commonly used in programming to describe related alternatives, states, or categories.

The compiler assigns integer values to symbolic names in enumerations. Unless otherwise stated in the code, these numbers start at 0 and increase by 1.

Enumerations are handy for discrete choices or substituting "magic numbers" with descriptive names to improve code readability. To make the code easier to understand and maintain, you may build an enum named Color and use Color::RED, Color::GREEN, and Color::BLUE instead of integer values like 0, 1, and 2.

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