Briefly explain what goes wrong with mitosis in the case of cancer cells How does it spread throughout the body? (metastasis)

Describe the difference between cancer and normal cells using the five characteristics of a cell.

Describe the changes that cells go through to become cancer.

Lord Voldemort seeks immortality to rule over the wizarding and muggle world forever. As his loyal servant, you point out to him that in his quest for horcruxes, he has forgotten about the importance of avoiding cancer as he ages. Specifically, which of the following magical spells should he learn to use? A spell that… decreases DNA repair accuracy during mitosis makes him smaller (e.g., fewer total cells) Increase the rate of mitosis increases his number of copies of p53  all of the above none of the above

Explain the purpose and result of mitosis.

Which of the following traits are common to many cancer cells (more than one answer may be correct)A.  Uncontrolled growth and divisionB.  Chromosomes abnormalitiesC.  Absence of a cytoskeletonD.  Decreased adhesion to other cells

Identify one way in which a specific cancer evades the controls of the cell cycle. Describe in a one paragraph.

Explain in your own words why cancer is often referred to as a disease of the cell cycle.

In your own words, explain each of the hallmarks of cancer. (immortality, produce go signals, override stop signals, resist cell death, angiogenesis and how it relates to metastasis.

A researcher is studying the effects of a novel cancer drug on cell division and comparing the new drug to a traditional chemotherapy drug. The traditional drug causes numerous side effects such as nausea, vomiting, hair loss and susceptibility to infections due to low white blood cell counts. The novel drug is a targeted therapy (specifically targets the abnormal protein in the cancer cell) and is likely to reduce side effects that patients experience when treated with traditional chemotherapy. One group of cancer patients was treated with the novel drug and a second group of cancer patients was treated with the traditional chemotherapy drug. Prior and subsequent to treatment, a mitotic index was obtained from a tumor sample from each patient as well as a bone marrow sample (bone marrow cells give rise to all blood cell types including red blood cells and white blood cells). Since this is a double-blind study (neither the patient nor the researcher knows which patients received which…