Cell signaling systems: A. autocrine B. paracrine C. endocrine D. none among the given Which will have messenger molecules travel short distances through extracellular space? A B C D
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Cell signaling systems:
A. autocrine B. paracrine C. endocrine D. none among the given
Which will have messenger molecules travel short distances through extracellular space?
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- Cell signaling systems: A. autocrine B. paracrine C. endocrine D. none among the given Which will have messenger molecules reach their target cells through the bloodstream? A B C DScaffold proteins (a) release kinases and phosphatases into the extracellular fluid (b) bind G proteins to cell membranes (c) increase accuracy but slow signaling cascades (d) organize groups of intracellular signaling moleculesinto signaling complexes (e) are transcription factors found mainly in plant cellsCell signals with short effects ONLY on the cell which produced the signal in the first place are? a. juxtacrine b. autocrine c. paracrine d. endocrine
- A mutation in HER2 that causes receptor dimerization in the absence of signaling molecules. Would cause? Why? A. Decreased proliferation B. Increases proliferationWhy are steroids able to diffuse across the plasma membrane? a. Their transport protein moves them through the membrane. b. They are amphipathic, allowing them to interact with the entire phospholipid. c. Cells express channels that let hormones flow down their concentration gradient into the cells. d. They are non-polar molecules.A cell secretes a product that diffuses through the interstitial fluid and acts on nearby cells. This process is an example of (a) neuroendocrine secretion (b) autocrine signaling (c) paracrine signaling (d) classical endocrine regulation (e) peptide hormone function
- What is the sequence of events that takes place in cell signaling?In intercellular signaling pathways, some receptor proteins can also act as a transcription factor (changing gene expression), because these receptors are ________. A) Group of answer choices B) Intracellular receptors C) Membrane bound receptors D) G protein coupled receptors E) Enzyme linked receptors F) Fast ligand-gated ion channelsThe body produces a normal amount of testosterone. However, a particular cell you are studying has an unusually low number of testosterone receptors. How might the cell's response to testosterone be affected by its low number of testosterone receptors? A. The cell will activate more protein kinases in response to testosterone exposure than a cell with a normal number of testosterone receptors. B. The cell will make less mRNA in response to testosterone exposure. C. The cell will make less cAMP in response to testosterone exposure. D. The cell’s response to testosterone exposure will be identical to the response of a cell with a normal number of testosterone receptors.
- What is the main benefit of cell signaling over long distances (ex: signaling via hormone secretion into the bloodstream)?a universal feature of cell signaling receptors is that they? a. undergo a structural (shape) change when the signal molecule is bound b. are present only in the plasma membrane c. are only ion channels d. are protein kinases e. aer only nuclear receptorsA biochemist is designing a new drug that will mimic the shape and function of a particular intercellular signaling molecule. Therefore she must produce a molecule that will bind to the receptor protein and... A. produce a cellular response by altering the Na+/K+ pump located near the receptor site. B. induce a change in the receptor molecule shape, which will ultimately prevent a cellular response. C. induce a change in the receptor molecule shape, which will ultimately produce a cellular response. D. induce a change in the phospholipid bilayer that causes a polar reversal allowing the molecules to be endocytose (engulfed).