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- Problem 1: For your new year's resolution, you resolve to lose 5lbs of body fat through physical exercise. If you work out hard, you can generate 200 W of mechanical power and be 20% efficient at it. How long will you have to exercise at this rate to burn the desired amount of fat? If you chose to diet instead and cut your food intake of 2400 kcal/day to 1600 kcal/day, how long will it take you to lose the desired amount of weight?Problem 2. When alcohol is consumed in excessive quantities, the resulting levels of NADH cause metabolic abnormalities, and one of which is high levels of fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acid synthesis, also a cytoplasmic process, uses acetyl-CoA as a substrate and NADPH as a reducing agent. Based on the above, we can see how acetate is converted to acetyl-CoA in the mitochondria, but fatty acid synthesis takes place in the cytosol. Complete the analysis by accounting for high acetyl-CoA concentration in the cytosol. Study the summary of reactions of citrate metabolism. E. How would increasing the rate of the reaction catalyzed by malate dehydrogenase decrease the concentration of oxaloacetic acid (OAA) in the cytosol? F. How would decreasing the concentration of OAA increase the concentration of acetyl-CoA in the cytosol by Le Chatelier’s principle?Problem 3. Excess alcohol consumption can result in fatty liver disease. Liver cells synthesize triacylglycerides from fatty acids formed by fatty acid synthesis. Excess triacylglycerides can accumulate in the liver compromising normal liver function. D.Explain how stimulation of the rate of fatty acid synthesis changes the rate of fatty acid oxidation based on allosteric regulation of the rate-limiting step of beta-oxidation.
- Problem #1: Indicate the total number of ATPs produced in each of the following oxidation reactions from 5 moles of glucose. A. pyruvate to Acetyl CoA B. glucose to Acetyl CoA C. Citric acid cycleProblems 14 and 15: some of the exponents are unclear. Here they are: 14. Calculate vi and the degree of inhibition caused by a competitive inhibitor under the following conditions:(a) [S]=2x10-3 Mand[I]=2x10-3 M(b) [S]=4x10-4 Mand[I]=2x10-3 M (c) [S]=7.5x10-3 Mand[I]=10-5 MAssume that Km = 2 x 10-3 M, Ki = 1.5 x 10-4 M and Vmax = 270 nmoles x liter-1 x min-1.The degree of inhibition is the percent of the uninhibited velocity reached in the presence of the inhibitor. 15. (a) What concentration of competitive inhibitor is required to yield 75% inhibition at a substrate concentration of 1.5 x 10-3 M if Km =2.9x10-4 M and Ki =2x10-5 M? (b)Towhatconcentration must the substrate be increased to reestablish the velocity at theoriginal uninhibited value?Task №1. The disease is described in which the activity of phosphofructokinase of adipose tissue isn't regulated by citrate. How can the lipid metabolism in adipose tissue be changed in such genetic defect?
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- Problem # 3: Calculate the number of moles of ATP produced from the complete oxidation of 900 g glucose in the cells. Show your computation/solution.TASK 1: Prepare a 0.020 M Cupric Sulfate Solution.Capacity of volumetric flask provided: 50 mLCalculation of mass required: *(MM = 249.68 g/mol) Show how you will prepare this. TASK 2: Preparation of a Dilutions of 0.020 M Cupric SulfateDilution 1 - Prepare a 1:2 dilution of 0.020 M Cupric Sulfate for a final volume of 200 mL.How much stock is required to make this solution?Exercise 5-9 Phenylalanine deaminase Phenylalanine deaminase positive bacteria can remove the amine functional group from the amino acid and the amine group is released as ammonia waste. Phenylpyruvic acid is also produced by this reaction. What can phenylalanine deaminase positive bacteria do with phenylpyruvic acid?