Consider a closed economy where the goods and money markets are described by the following relationships: C = 500+ 0.8(Y-T) I= 500-10r M P 0.1Y - 35r G = 800 T = 200 M = 1000 P = 2 Where C is planned consumption, / is planned investment spending, T is government tax revenues, G is government purchases, M is the money supply, P is the price level and r is the interest rate.
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- Task 3 Consider a closed economy where the goods and money markets are described by the following relationships: C = 200 + 0.9(Y – T) I= 400 – 15r M/P = 200 + Y – 100r G = 150 T = 100 M = 2000 P| =2 Where Cis planned consumption, I is planned investment spending, T is government tax revenues, G is government purchases, M is the money supply, P is the price level and r is the interest rate. c) The government reduces taxation to T=50 in order to boost economic activity. Assume no changes in The values of all the other variables. 1. What is the immediate increase in income before the economy adjusts to its new equilibrium? 2. What are the economy's equilibrium level of output Y and interest rate following the cut in taxation? Compute the equilibrium level of consumption and investment spending. With the help of the IS/LM graph, carefully explain what happens to the economy following the cut in taxation. d)lf the government intends to pursue monetary policy instead of fiscal policy in…Consider a closed economy where the goods and money markets are described by the following relationships: C 500+ 0.8 (Y-T) I= 500 10r M P a) 0.1Y35r G = 800 T = 200 M = 1000 P = 2 Where C is planned consumption, I is planned investment spending, T is government tax revenues, G is government purchases, M is the money supply, P is the price level and r is the interest rate. b) Calculate the equilibrium value of output Y and interest rate r (round off your answers to one decimal point). mpute also the level of consumption and investment spending in equilibrium and check whether the actual level of spending matches the equilibrium level of output. e) Suppose that, instead of relying on monetary policy, the government intends to take an active role in restoring the economy to the original equilibrium by pursuing an expansionary fiscal policy. How much should government spending change by? With the help of graphs, explain very carefully, the impact of this policy on the economy. f) An…Consider a frugal closed economy without money market. Assume there is no government or exports/imports. The economy is described by the following set of equations. C =1000+0.5⋅Y ID = 600 1. What is the marginal propensity to save of this economy? a) 0.4 b) 0.5 c) 0.1 d) 0.3 e) 0.2 Currently, the economy is saving a half of the amount it consumes. The level of unplanned inventory change is [0, 600, 200, 1400 , 2000 ] and the economy is [equilllibrium or not at equillibrium,]
- The following question relates only to the equilibrium in the goods market IN A CLOSED ECONOMY and asks you to carry out a graphical analysis using both the Keynesian cross diagram together with the IS-MP diagram. >>) Suppose after the government has implemented the reduction in taxation that the central bank wants to keep the level of investment at the same level as before the tax reduction. How can the central bank intervene in the market to achieve this goal? Explain and illustrate graphically how the central bank can keep investment at the same level as before. Is there any additional impact of the central bank intervention on output, consumption and interest rates? If so what is the impact?Consider the closed-economy market-clearing model. Assume that the marginal propensity to consume is 0.8. Tax revenue decreases by $5 billion, while output and government spending remain the same (a) Calculate the dollar change in consumption. (b) Calculate the dollar change in national saving.QUESTION 5Imagine the following simple Keynesian macroeconomic model for a closed economy.TD = C + Ip + G (total demand)C = C0 + YD (aggregate household consumption)YD = Y − T (aggregate household disposable income)Ip = I0 + aY − bR (aggregate planned investment)Y = TD (output, equilibrium condition)BB = T – G (government budget balance)With:G government consumption, T taxes, R real interest rate (exogenous variables)C0) and I0 autonomous consumption and investment0 < a, c, a+c < 1, b > 0 constant parametersDerive the equation for output and answer the following question. If the government in this model simultaneously increases its consumption G and its taxes T by the same amount, then: total demand decreases, and equilibrium output declines. total demand decreases, and equilibrium output declines, but only if C > G. total demand increases, and equilibrium output rises. The rise of output is stronger the higher the households’ marginal propensity to consume. total demand…
- Consider the following short-run, closed economy model of the economy. Goods Market C = 50 + 0.5(Y – T) I = 150 – 10r ; NX = -200 G = 150 ; T = 100 Money Market M = 20,000 P = 100 L(Y, r) = Y – 50r 1. Find the equilibrium values of r and y. *** This has been answered*** Goods Market = 600 - 20r Money Market = 200 + 50r equilibrium value of r = 5.71; Y = 485.8 Policymakers plan to balance the budget by decreasing G. What is the size of the Keynesian-Cross government spending multiplier and the horizontal shift of the IS curve? What are the resulting IS-LM equilibrium values of r and Y after the shift? What is the size of the effective (actual) government spending multiplier? Why is it smaller?Consider the following short-run, closed economy model of the economy. Goods Market C = 50 + 0.5(Y – T) I = 150 – 10r ; NX = -200 G = 150 ; T = 100 Money Market M = 20,000 P = 100 L(Y, r) = Y – 50r 1. Find the equilibrium values of r and y. *** This has been answered*** Goods Market = 600 - 20r Money Market = 200 + 50r equilibrium value of r = 5.71; Y = 485.8 2. Assume the natural rate of output is Y̅ = 210, individuals do not hold currency (cr = 0), and the reserve requirement is 10% (rr = 0.1). If the Fed desires to return the economy to its natural level, what should they do with reserves (R) and the money supply (M)? What is the new equilibrium real interest rate?Consider the following short-run, closed economy model of the economy. Goods Market C = 50 + 0.5(Y – T) I = 150 – 10r ; NX = -200 G = 150 ; T = 100 Money Market M = 20,000 P = 100 L(Y, r) = Y – 50r 1. Find the equilibrium values of r and y. *** This has been answered*** Goods Market = 600 - 20r Money Market = 200 + 50r equilibrium value of r = 5.71; Y = 485.8 2. At the equilibrium in part 1, what is the value of national savings (S = Y – C – G)? Investment? Show the results using a graph for the market of loanable funds. Is that market in equilibrium? Explain.
- Consider a macroeconomic model for an open economy with the government. Consumption is given by C = 250 + bYd, where b = 0.8, Yd = (1-t)Y, and t = 0.1. Investment is given by I = 1,200 – 2,000R, and net export is given by X = 525 – 0.1Y – 500R. Assume that G = 1,200. Money demand is given by (Md/P) = 0.1283Y – 1,000R. Assume that P = 1, and the fixed money supply is given by (Ms/P) = 900. Drive the expression for the IS curve from the model. Drive the expression for the LM curve from the model. Drive the IS-LM equilibrium from the model.Consider an economy that is characterized by the following equations: C = 150 + 0.65(Y - T) – 200r (Consumption) (Тахation) (Investment Demand) (Government Expenditure) (Exports) (Imports) T = 100 + 0.2Y I = 200 G = 500 - 200r X = 100 IM = 150 + 0.1(Y – T) – 100r (Money Demand) (Money Supply) L = -25 + 0.5Y - 500r M = 133,200 pSR = 120 (Short-Run Price Level) Answer each of the following questions. In your answers, be sure to state any assumptions that you impose and provide an explanation. Derive the AD and SRAS curves. Solve for the short-run equilibrium in the AD-SRAS model. Is your solution the same as in part 3 above? Why or why not? Is the fiscal multiplier in this economy larger or smaller than if the asset market were not accounted for in the model? Briefly explain. True or false? The aggregate demand curve is downward-sloping because the demand for goods and services increases as the price decreases. Briefly explain.An open economy is described by the following system of macroeconomic equations, in which all macroeconomic aggregate are measured in billions of Namibian dollars, N$:Y = C + I + G + X –MC = 160 + 0.6 YdT = 100 + 0.25YX = 80I = 150G = 150M = 22 + 0.25YWhere: Yis domestic incomeYdis private disposable income C is aggregate consumption spending T is government tax revenue I is investment spending X represents exports M represents imports of goods and services. 1.1 (a)Determine the equilibrium level of income/ output. (b) Illustrate the aggregate spending curve and equilibrium level of income on a diagram. (c) Determine the surplus/ deficit in the government budget at equilibrium.(d) Determine trade balance at equilibrium. (e) Find the multiplier applicable to autonomous tax and interpret it.1.2 (a)Use the multiplier applicable to exports, to explain how a 100 billion decline in demand for exports could have affected the economy’s:(i)GDP/ output (ii)Balance of trade (iii)Government budget