Consider the following program. #include using namespace std; void summer(int&, int); void fall(int, int&); int x; int main() { int intNum1 = 2; int intNum2 = 5; x = 6; summer(intNum1, intNum2); cout << intNum1 << " " << intNum2 << " " << x << endl; fall(intNum1, intNum2); cout << intNum1 << " " << intNum2 << " " << x << endl; return 0; } void summer(int& a, int b) { int intNum1; intNum1 = b + 12; a = 2 * b + 5; b = intNum1 + 4; } void fall(int u, int& v) { int intNum2; intNum2 = x; v = intNum2 * 4; x = u - v; } Answer the following questions: a. What is the output? Consider variable scope. b. Considering the function summer, parameter 1 is called by reference. What is passed into the function for parameter 1, i.e., what value does parameter 1 receive? c. Again, considering the function summer, parameter 2 is called by value. What occurs in memory for parameter 2 and local variable int intNum1? Hint: consider memory, parameters and local variables

2. Consider the following program.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void summer(int&, int);

void fall(int, int&);

int x;

int main() {

int intNum1 = 2;

int intNum2 = 5;

x = 6;

summer(intNum1, intNum2);

cout << intNum1 << " " << intNum2 << " " << x << endl;

fall(intNum1, intNum2);

cout << intNum1 << " " << intNum2 << " " << x << endl;

return 0;

}

void summer(int& a, int b)

{

int intNum1;

intNum1 = b + 12;

a = 2 * b + 5;

b = intNum1 + 4;

}

void fall(int u, int& v)

{

int intNum2;

intNum2 = x;

v = intNum2 * 4;

x = u - v;

}

Answer the following questions:

a. What is the output? Consider variable scope.

b. Considering the function summer, parameter 1 is called by reference. What is passed into the function for parameter 1, i.e., what value does parameter 1 receive?

c. Again, considering the function summer, parameter 2 is called by value. What occurs in memory for parameter 2 and local variable int intNum1? Hint: consider memory, parameters and local variables