Describe the immune response against Giardia lamblia. ?

Q: Define (plakoglobin,

A: Proteins are the building blocks of the body. It plays an essential role in the body. Proteins are…

Q: How does the immune system fights tetanus?

A: Tetnus is a very fatal infection caused by clostridium tetani  This bacteria can be found in  soil…

Q: Explain the functions and types of immune receptors, includingwhere and how they develop.

A: Immunity is of two types:  Adaptive and innate immunity. The adaptive immunity can adapt to…

Q: Explain the Action of the complement system against abacterium ?

A: Complement is a complex protein network of plasma and an integral part of the innate immune system.…

Q: Explain how and why antihistamines have a soothing effect on IgE-mediated allergy.

A: Histamine are released by mast cells in most tissue and basophils  in blood also. Or stored in…

Q: What does Tolerance indicate?

A: Generally, tolerance is the way we adjust to certain situations. It can be how we accept the…

Q: Explain classical complement pathway?

A: Immunity can be defined as the ability of an organism to fight against infections caused by a…

Q: Give an example of autoimmune disease.

A: The immune system is a complex system of the body that includes cellular as well as molecular…

Q: Describe anaphylactic shock in someone sensitive topeanuts?

A: Antigens causing allergies are called allergens. When allergen-specific IgE binds to the mast cell…

Q: Explain the Primary Lymphoid Organs ?

A: Immunology is the branch of medical science that deals with the study of the immune system and…

Q: a. Knowing that fever is potentially both harmful and benefi cial, what are some possible guidelines…

A: Fever is the sudden rise in temperature of the body that is due to the physiological reasons like…

Q: briefly distinguish between primary and secondary lymphoid tissues on the basis of their functions…

A: Lymph- it is a clear, watery, faintly yellowish fluid derived from body tissues that contains white…

Q: What is the mechanism by which the AIDS virus causes deficiency ofimmune system of the infected…

A: Viruses can spread through various agents such as air, water, direct contact, and by other means.…

Q: Explain the observation that lymphoid tissues are scattered in the skin,lungs, stomach, and…

A: The most diffuse lymphoid tissue is found in the free connective-tissue spaces underneath most wet…

Q: Describe how secondary B cell responses aredeveloped.

A: Immunology is a part of science that covers the investigation of immune frameworks altogether living…

Q: Describe the role of non-specific macrophages in preventing infection

A: The immune system of the body protects the organisms from the harmful pathogen. Pathogens are the…

Q: How would damage to the ciliated cells of the respiratory tract predispose a person to infection?

A: The trachea and bronchi contains ciliated epithelial layer. The mucus is secreted by the goblet…

Q: Explain Activation of the Complement System?

A: The activation of complement results in a variety of biological consequences which can result in…

Q: What are the causes of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)?

A: Step 1 Immuno-deficiency diseases are diseases caused by a defect in one or more components of…

Q: Describe the events that result in a rash after exposure to poison ivy.

A: Poison ivy is an oak plant called Toxicodendron radicans that can cause skin allergy called contact…

Q: List the benefits and risks of a fever.

A: Fever also referred to as pyrexia, is characterized as having higher body temperatures above the…

Q: Name and explain the three outcomes after complement activation.

A: Three outcomes after complement fixation are:- 1)cell lysis- It occurs after insertion of membrane…

Q: What are the four types of immunity and apply the the chickenpox virus to this material?

A: The immune system includes special cells, chemicals, and organs that can fight foreign bodies such…

Q: Would pneumococcal pneumonia require a TH cell to stimulate a B cell to form antibodies?

A: Introduction Lymphocytes are important cells of an immune system to generate an immune response.…

Q: 1 Write essay Demonstrate the homeostasis involved to maintain the system functions a) at least two…

A: Every organism possesses a mechanism for maintaining homeostasis which is a process in which the…

Q: Explain how unbroken skin, the phagocytic action of neutrophilsand macrophages, inflammation, and…

A: The body has a variety of defense mechanisms to prevent and fight off infections. The physical…

Q: If an outbreak of yellow fever occurred, who wouldbe isolated and who would be quarantined?

A: Introduction  Yellow fever is one of the common viral infection caused by Flavivirus. This is…

Q: Describe the control of the alternate pathway of complement activation.

A: Complement system is made up of large number of proteins that are present in the plasma. Complement…

Q: Explain innate Immunity and Fungal Infection.

A: Introduction :- Immunity refers to a multicellular organism's ability to resist dangerous pathogens.…

Q: Describe the origins and effects of primary immune diseasescaused by B-cell, T-cell, or combined…

A: Immune system provides immunity or protection against foreign substances by involving specific…

Q: Describe the hygiene hypothesis and the white blood cells involved. Describe the function of lymph…

A: Hygiene Hypothesis refers early childhood exposure to Perticular Microorganism (helminth parasites…

Q: Identify the normal defenses of the body against infection ?

A: A disease is a specific aberrant condition that affects the structure or function of all or part of…

Q: Explain why IgM cannot activate complement by itself.

A: Antibodies which are also known as immunoglobulins are large Y shaped blood proteins produced by the…

Q: How are antivenomsproduced? Why areantivenoms an example ofpassive immunization?

A: Antivenoms are substances which are used to counteract venomous substances from other organisms to…

Q: Explain why someone who has had an infection of chickenpox, is then said to be ‘immune’ from the…

A: If someone who has had an infection of chickenpox, is then said to be ‘immune’ from the disease…

Q: What are the strategies for combating allergy attacks?

A: Introduction Allergies are caused by improper and sudden immune response of our body to certain…

Q: How do the lesions of herpes simplex, syphilis, and lymphogranuloma venereum differ?

A: Introduction: lesions are an abnormal area of tissues inside or outside the body that may get bigger…

Q: Describe about the role of mast cells and basophils in allergy.

A: Mast cells are the modified basophils of the immune system of vertebrate animals. Basophils are a…

Q: Describe the origin of interferon, and explain its role in controllingviruses and other immune…

A: Interferons are a group of cytokine which are being by cells in response to viruses. It helps the…

Q: Describe the basic steps in acute inflammation.

A: Introduction Damage to body tissues results in inflammation, which can be brought on by a variety of…

Q: Describe the mechanism behind fever, and explain its beneficialand harmful effects.

A: When a body’s temperature is being increased above the normal range of 36° to 37° C, it is called…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.