Describe the two general metabolic fates of the carbon skeletons of amino acids.

Q: Explain the Formation of the disaccharides lactose and sucrose.

A: Disaccharides are oligosaccharides and are called so depending upon the number of monosaccharide…

Q: What is the general scheme by which amino acids are catabolized?

A: The degradation of proteins occurs within the cells, as the amino acids have to pass through certain…

Q: What two products can be generated from the transamination of an amino acid? a. a carbon skeleton…

A: Amino acids are the monomers that join to form polypeptide chains of protein. The structure of the…

Q: List the essential amino acids for a phenylketonuric adultand compare them with the requirements for…

A: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is defined as a rare genetic human condition. It causes an amino acid called…

Q: What group is first removed from amino acids and what happens to that group and the carbon backbone?

A: Transamination:It is defined as an exchange of the functional groups present between any amino acid…

Q: Would altering the unsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratio in tissues be easier to accomplish in…

A: Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids exist. Because converting a double bond to a single bond…

Q: Define the term essential amino acids?

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Each amino acid consists of a carboxyl group and…

Q: Identify dietary sources of proteins.

A: Protein:A macronutrient essential for muscle mass building. One gram of protein gives around 4…

Q: Explain why the CIS form is the predominant confiiguration of unsaturated fatty acids?

A: Fatty acids contain a carboxylic group attached to a long hydrocarbon chain. The hydrocarbon chain…

Q: What are the possible fates of the amino acids from protein catabolism?

A: possible fates of the amino acids from protein catabolism are:

Q: Illustrate the pathways to synthesize the following amino acids: glutamine, serine, arginine,…

A: Introduction: Amino acids have a many functions. Amino acids essential functions is to go about as…

Q: What difference would it make in food processing and nutrition if an individual ate a diet composed…

A: As we know that amino acids contain carbon ,hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen and serve as monomers of…

Q: Why is the sequence of reactions that catabolize fatty acids described as a spiral rather than a…

A: The building blocks of the fat molecules in the body is called fatty acids. They helps in the…

Q: Explain how amino acids are catabolized.

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of a protein molecule. Protein is the functional and structural…

Q: Why are some amino acids called essential?

A: Amino acids are the organic components that will unite to produce a protein. They serve as the…

Q: List the properties of fatty acids?

A: The term fatty acid refers to the long chain of an aliphatic hydrocarbon containing a carboxylic…

Q: Which of the following is not the general properties of fat-soluble vitamins?

A: The vitamins are two types : Fat soluble vitamins Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K Water…

Q: Describe the biosynthesis of fatty acids .

A: In the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum of the cell biosynthesis of fatty acid occur.  In…

Q: How does a ketogenic diet decrease the level of urea in obese patients and increase the level of…

A: Acetyl-coA, which is formed from the B-oxidation of fatty acids, is used to make ketones. Ketone…

Q: Describe the reactions by which fixed nitrogen is introduced into amino acids.

A: Fixed nitrogen is introduced into amino acids in plant body by formation of ammonia, this achieved…

Q: Why are standard acids called as essential amino acids?

A: Amino Acids : It are organic compounds that combine to form proteins. They and proteins are the…

Q: Define about aminoacyladenylic acid ?

A: Amino acid + tRNA + ATP ↔Aminoacyl-tRNA + AMP + PPi.

Q: Name the 20 amino acids; identify which are essential amino acids and explain what makes them…

A: Amino acids are molecules which combine to form proteins, and are building blocks of life.

Q: Which of the 20 “standard” amino acids are (a) purely glucogenic, (b) purely ketogenic, and (c) both…

A: Protein molecules consist of hundreds of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They are built from…

Q: Describe the structure of glycogen and explain how the structure facilitates glycogen metabolism.

A: Glycogen is a multi-branched glucose polysaccharide used to store energy in plants, fungi, and…

Q: Name the process of formation of glucose from non carbohydrates.

A: Glucose is the main type of sugar(monosaccharide) present in the blood and is the major source of…

Q: (a) What are the main differences between glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids? (b) Why do would…

A: a)ANSWER;- The principal distinction between glucogenic amino acids and ketogenic amino acids is…

Q: how do we maintain a steady support of amino acids in the body?

A: 1. Amino acids and proteins are the building blocks of life. When proteins are digested or broken…

Q: Define the amino acid pool and its metabolic role.

A: Amino acids are considered as the single subunit of the protein, which is known to form the…

Q: Discuss about the Synthesis of Chiral Amino Acids ?

A: They are optically active amino acids.

Q: What is the fate of the carbon skeleton in amino acid breakdown?

A: Amino acids are broken down into such metabolites that can be used as an intermediate in pathways…

Q: Which of the 20 amino acids can be synthesized directly from a common metabolic intermediate by a…

A: Transamination is a chemical reaction that transfers an amino group to a keto acid to form new amino…

Q: What is a ketogenic amino acid? Give three examples.

A: Introduction :   Amino acids combine to form proteins. Its basic structure includes:  amino group…

Q: Draw the open-chain structure of a ketoheptose.

A: Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehyde and ketones which are associated with reducing property.the…

Q: What are the common features of the breakdown products of the carbon skeletons of amino acids?

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of a protein molecule that are joined together by peptide bonds…

Q: Give other health problems associated with amino acid aside from Kwashiorkor disease? Give a short…

A: Aminoacids are the monomer units of proteins. Aminoacids are joined by peptide bond to give linear…

Q: Explain the Separation of Amino Acids ?

A: Introduction- Amino acids are known as the building block of proteins. Amino acids contain one amino…

Q: Titration of Amino Acids: Explain the changes in the charges of glycine as the pH changes.

A: Glycine has two ionizable group: amino and carboxyl group that undergo for titration. pH of the…

Q: Determine the difference between ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids.

A: Amino acids are organic acids with a single alpha carbon to which various substituents such as an…

Q: Which of the following is NOT required for fatty acid synthesis?

A: The dietary carbs and amino acid if taken in excess can be converted to fatty acid ans stored as…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.