Draw the R and S enantiomer for 2-bromobutane. Using the model of 2-bromobutane representing the R enantiomer from 4., switch any two groups on the chiral carbon. Compare this to your S enantiomer from 4. B.) Are they the same or different? ______ C.) Are they the same or enantiomers? ________________ Now switch any pair of groups around the chiral carbon of the “switched” model again! Compare the “double-switched” model with the other unmodified S molecule from 4. D.) Are they enantiomers or are they identical? ______
Reactive Intermediates
In chemistry, reactive intermediates are termed as short-lived, highly reactive atoms with high energy. They rapidly transform into stable particles during a chemical reaction. In specific cases, by means of matrix isolation and at low-temperature reactive intermediates can be isolated.
Hydride Shift
A hydride shift is a rearrangement of a hydrogen atom in a carbocation that occurs to make the molecule more stable. In organic chemistry, rearrangement of the carbocation is very easily seen. This rearrangement can be because of the movement of a carbocation to attain stability in the compound. Such structural reorganization movement is called a shift within molecules. After the shifting of carbocation over the different carbon then they form structural isomers of the previous existing molecule.
Vinylic Carbocation
A carbocation where the positive charge is on the alkene carbon is known as the vinyl carbocation or vinyl cation. The empirical formula for vinyl cation is C2H3+. In the vinyl carbocation, the positive charge is on the carbon atom with the double bond therefore it is sp hybridized. It is known to be a part of various reactions, for example, electrophilic addition of alkynes and solvolysis as well. It plays the role of a reactive intermediate in these reactions.
Cycloheptatrienyl Cation
It is an aromatic carbocation having a general formula, [C7 H7]+. It is also known as the aromatic tropylium ion. Its name is derived from the molecule tropine, which is a seven membered carbon atom ring. Cycloheptatriene or tropylidene was first synthesized from tropine.
Stability of Vinyl Carbocation
Carbocations are positively charged carbon atoms. It is also known as a carbonium ion.
Please answer the following questions A-D. Label everything and circle answer.
A.) (4.) Draw the R and S enantiomer for 2-bromobutane.
Using the model of 2-bromobutane representing the R enantiomer from 4.,
switch any two groups on the chiral carbon.
Compare this to your S enantiomer from 4.
B.) Are they the same or different? ______
C.) Are they the same or enantiomers? ________________
Now switch any pair of groups around the chiral carbon of the “switched” model again! Compare the “double-switched” model with the other unmodified S molecule from 4.
D.) Are they enantiomers or are they identical? ______
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