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- ONLY Question 3 Use the IS-LM model to answer this question. Suppose that the government wants to lower the budget deficit but keep output constant. Discuss what mix of monetary and fiscal policy will achieve this goal. Provide your line of reasoning and justify the answer. Attach an appropriate graph to support your answer. 3. Assume now that the government cuts taxes and runs a budget deficit while the central bank pursues a tight monetary policy. Investigate what effect should this policy mix have? Analyze what (and why) will happen to investment?In the closed economy IS-LM model, how would the responsiveness of money demand to a change in output relate to the degree of crowding out after an increase in government spending? Select one: a. The less responsiveness money demand is to a change in output, the greater the degree of crowding out after an increase in government spending b. If money demand is high then crowding out is high. c. The more responsiveness money demand is to a change in output, the greater the degree of crowding out after an increase in government spending d. The responsiveness of money demand to a change in output has no bearing on the degree of crowding out after an increase in government spendingDuring an economic downturn, a nation's central bank decides to implement quantitative easing by purchasing large amounts of government securities to increase the money supply and encourage lending and investment. This policy action is intended to:A) Tighten the money supplyB) Increase interest ratesC) Stimulate economic growthD) Reduce public spending Note:- Please avoid using ChatGPT and refrain from providing handwritten solutions; otherwise, I will definitely give a downvote. Also, be mindful of plagiarism.Answer completely and accurate answer.Rest assured, you will receive an upvote if the answer is accurate.
- Suppose the Government wishes to reduce the budget deficit by reducing public spending while holding taxes constant. Assuming that the monetary authorities hold the money supply constant, explain why the decrease in government spending affects output more in the IS model than in the IS-LM model. note: show diagrams pleaseIn words, explain the key principles of the circular flow model versus theclosed-economy Keynesian cross model with autonomous investment.Critically discuss and compare the strengths and limitations of both models.Consider a small open economy with no perfect capital mobility whose Central Bank is explicitly targeting price level. If the government decides to decrease the tax level, what would happen with a new equilibrium domestic price level and real output? What the response of Central Bank should be? Please show your solutions using the model that we have developed (be sure to use BB and GM curves).
- Fiscal and Monetary Stimulus A. Create a graph of equilibrium in the IS-LM model. Show the effect of an expansionary monetary policy. Summarize your results. B. If the central bank’s goal is to maximize output, what interest rate will we expect in equilibrium? C. Starting from the equilibrium described in (B), suppose investors experience a decrease in “animal spirits.” What happens to output? Can the central bank offset this with expansionary monetary policy? D. What could fiscal authorities do to offset the shock to animal spirits described in (C)?1. Explain the aggregate demand curve. If we consider CPEC as an autonomous investment, use the aggregate demand curve to explain why CPEC is crucial for economic growth in Pakistan. 2. Explain aggregate supply curve. Use the aggregate supply curve to explain the policies which government of Pakistan should adopt to increase Real GDP. 3. According to IS-LM framework what policy should be adopted by State Bank of Pakistan to increase level of GDP/output. Give detailed explanation of your answer.D7) IS-LM Model: Based on your understanding of the IS-LM model, graphically illustrate and explain what effect a monetary expansion will have on output, the interest rate, and investment. ( Properly)
- Question a) Consider that the Ghanaian economy is a Small and close, which ischaracterised by the following.AD=C+I+G+NXC=a+bY*Y*=disposalincomeT=T 0I=I 0G=G0Md/P=Ld(Y,i)Ms=money supply, which is given.AD=Aggregate demand, C=consumption, G=Government expenditure, T=Tax, P= Price level, I=Investment, NX=Net exports i)Suppose the policy change is rather an increase in real money supply not a decrease in government spending. What is the effect of this policy on consumption in the Short Run? (Provide a brief explanation). ii)If the government of Ghana decided to run a balance budget, provide an expression for the balance budget multiplier. iii)What is the effect of the balance budget policy in (e) above on out put (y)? iv)Dorcas is given Ghs10,000.00 to pay for her school fees next semester. Shedecided to deposit Ghs600.00 in her ADB account and the rest in a differentbank. Assume that the require reserve ratio for ADB is15% and 13% for theother bank,determinethe amount of supply in the…Suppose the central bank has a dual mandate. This implies the following IS-MP-AS model: IS: Y_t = a - b(R_t - r) MP: R_t - r = m(pi_t - pi) + dY_t AS: pi_t = pi_t - 1 + v Y_t + o (a) Why does the above model represent a dual mandate? (b) Solve for the AD curve of this economy. (c) Compare the slope of the AD curve in this economy to the slope of an AD curve in an economy with a single mandate (i.e. set d = 0.). Does the slope make sense given the central bank's objectives? Explain using a graph.Assuming that the monetary authorities hold the money supply constant, explain whythe decrease in government spending reduces output more in the Keynesian-crossmodel than in the IS-LM model.