E17. Gene mutagenesis is also used to explore the structure and functionof proteins. For example, changes can be made to the codingsequence of a gene to determine how alterations in the amino acidsequence affect the function of a protein. Let's suppose that you areinterested in the functional importance of a particular glutamic acid(an amino acid) within a protein you are studying. By site-directedmutagenesis, you make mutant proteins in which this glutamicacid codon has been changed to other codons. You then test theencoded mutant proteins for functionality. The results are as follows:Functionality (%)Normal protein100Mutant proteins containingТугosinePhenylalanine3Aspartic acid94GlycineFrom these results, what would you conclude about the functionalsignificance of this glutamic acid within the protein?

Genetic mutagenesis is a process in which, a mutation in a single gene can lead to alter the…

Answered: E17. Gene mutagenesis is also used to…

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter15: Genes And Proteins

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 29CTQ: A normal mRNA that reads 5’ - UGCCAUGGUAAUAACACAUGAGGCCUGAAC- 3’ has an insertion mutation that...

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Based on this alignment, you can identify areas of the protein sequences that are key regions of the proteins. If you were to design a targeted mutagenesis programme to try to disrupt the activity of the proteins in this current alignment as part of a research programme, which THREE amino acid sequence regions (motifs) would you target? List your sequence motifs in order of preference (number 1 being your most confident target). Explain your reasoning for each motif
Although a large number of mutagenic chemicals are known,none is known that induces mutations in only a single gene(gene-specific mutagenesis). From what you know aboutmutagens, explain why it is unlikely that a gene-specificchemical mutagen will be found. How then is site-specificmutagenesis accomplished?
siRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 each interfere with gene expression by a sequence-directed mechanism. A. Identify the target macromolecule (DNA, RNA or Protein) of a specific siRNA/RISC andCRISPR/Cas9 complexsiRNA:CRISPR/Cas9: B. If a scientist would like to permanently turn off expression of a particular human gene inthe liver for the lifetime of an individual, which of these techniques would bepreferable? Briefly explain why
discuss using named examples some of the disadvantages of protein engineering using site directed and random mutagenesis
Plssssss helppppp Explain why there is a phenotypic change in insertion and deletion point mutations?
An adult with a history of tanning has his genome sequenced. The beginning of a protein-coding region of his DNA reads ATGGGGATATGGCAT. If the protein-coding region of a healthy adult reads ATGGGGATATGAGCAT, identify the site and type of mutation.
using example what is a degenerate primer? with the aid of diagrams discuss how degenerate primers are used to introduce random mutations in a gene and list some advantages and disadvantages of generating modified protein by this method .
You are working with a newly discovered mutagen, andyou wish to determine the base change that it introduces into DNA. Thus far, you have determined that themutagen chemically alters a single base in such a waythat its base-pairing properties are altered permanently.To determine the specificity of the alteration, you examine the amino acid changes that take place after mutagenesis. A sample of what you find is shown here:Original: Gln–His–Ile–Glu–LysMutant: Gln–His–Met–Glu–LysOriginal: Ala–Val–Asn–ArgMutant: Ala–Val–Ser–ArgOriginal: Arg–Ser–LeuMutant: Arg–Ser–Leu–Trp–Lys–Thr–PheWhat is the base-change specificity of the mutagen?
. You are studying proteins having roles in translation inthe mouse. By BLAST analysis of the predicted proteinsof the mouse genome, you identify a set of mouse genesthat encode proteins with sequences similar to those ofknown eukaryotic translation-initiation factors. You areinterested in determining the phenotypes associatedwith loss-of-function mutations of these genes.a. Would you use forward- or reverse-genetics approaches to identify these mutations?b. Briefly outline two different approaches that youmight use to look for loss-of-function phenotypes in oneof these genes.
Bacteriophage lambda is as one of the routinely used molecular cloning vectors, which alsoserved as a model system for the study of bacteriophage morphogenesis, DNA replication, andgene regulation.a) With the aid of a diagram, generally narrate how a foreign gene can be inserted into alambda insertion vector and subsequently infect an Escherichia coli cell.b) You are cloning a 7.5 kb gene into a lambda gt10 vector, utilizing a restriction site whichspecifically present in the vector. State the restriction site that you can use for this purposeand suggest a screening procedure to indicate successful integration of the gene into thehost genome.
Do you think each of the following types of mutationswould have very severe effects, mild effects, or no effectat all?a. Nonsense mutations occurring in the sequences encoding amino acids near the N terminus of the proteinb. Nonsense mutations occurring in the sequences encoding amino acids near the C terminus of the proteinc. Frameshift mutations occurring in the sequences encoding amino acids near the N terminus of the protein d. Frameshift mutations occurring in the sequencesencoding amino acids near the C terminus of theproteine. Silent mutationsf. Conservative missense mutationsg. Nonconservative missense mutations affecting theactive site of the proteinh. Nonconservative missense mutations not in the active site of the protein
In generating mutations in a bacterial gene involved in antibiotic resistance, a number of point mutations are isolated that render the bacteria sensitive to the antibiotic. You would like to sequence the gene in order to characterize the mutations, but unfortunately, your lab partner just finished the last of the lab's supply of DNA polymerase. The only things at your disposal are materials for performing a western blot, allowing you to visualize the protein encoded by the gene. How would you identify which mutations are likely to be the result of a missense mutation, which are likely to be the result of a nonsense mutation, and which are likely to be the result of a frameshift mutation?

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