Eugene Eisen selected for increased 12-day litter weight (total weight of a litter of offspring 12 days after birth) in a population of mice (E. J. Eisen. 1972. Genetics 72:129–142). The 12-day litter weight of the population steadily increased, but then leveled off after about 17 generations. At generation 17, Eisen took one family of mice from the selected population and reversed the selection procedure: in this group, he selected for decreased 12-day litter weight. This group immediately responded to the reversed selection: the 12-day litter weight dropped 4.8 g within 1 generation and dropped 7.3 g after 5 generations. On the basis of the results of the reverse selection, what is the most likely explanation for the leveling off of 12-day litter weight in the original population?
Evolutionary Genetics
Evolution is known as continuous changes that occur to adjust organisms in their changing environment over many generations. Various theories have been proposed to illustrate the origin of life and organic evolution. The most accepted one is the theory of natural selection by Charles Darwin. According to his postulate, organisms undergo a struggle for existence due to overproduction. To survive in nature, they acquire variations. The inheritable variations are selected by nature, and it leads to the survival of the fittest.
Phenotype Frequency
The majority of populations have a certain degree of variation in their genetic pools. Scientists can predict the genetic variation happening over time by measuring the amount of genetic variation in a population and these predictions assist them in gaining important insights into the processes that allow organisms to adapt to the environment or to develop into new species over generations. This process is referred to as the process of evolution.
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium
The frequencies of allele and genotype were maintained constant from one generation to another due to the absence of other evolutionary forces. It is otherwise called the Hardy Weinberg principle the field of population genetics.
Eugene Eisen selected for increased 12-day litter weight (total weight
of a litter of offspring 12 days after birth) in a population of mice (E. J.
Eisen. 1972. Genetics 72:129–142). The 12-day litter weight of the
population steadily increased, but then leveled off after about 17
generations. At generation 17, Eisen took one family of mice from the
selected population and reversed the selection procedure: in this group,
he selected for decreased 12-day litter weight. This group immediately
responded to the reversed selection: the 12-day litter weight dropped 4.8
g within 1 generation and dropped 7.3 g after 5 generations. On the basis
of the results of the reverse selection, what is the most likely explanation
for the leveling off of 12-day litter weight in the original population?
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