Examine how pipelining affects the clock cycle time of the processor. Problems in this exercise  assume that individual stages of the datapath have the following latencies:  Also, assume that instructions executed by the processor are broken down as follows: What is the clock cycle time in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor?  What is the total latency of an LW instruction in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor?  If we can split one stage of the pipelined datapath into two new stages, each with half  the latency of the original stage, which stage would you split and what is the new clock  cycle time of the processor?

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Examine how pipelining affects the clock cycle time of the processor. Problems in this exercise  assume that individual stages of the datapath have the following latencies: 

Also, assume that instructions executed by the processor are broken down as follows:

  1. What is the clock cycle time in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor? 
  2. What is the total latency of an LW instruction in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor? 
  3. If we can split one stage of the pipelined datapath into two new stages, each with half  the latency of the original stage, which stage would you split and what is the new clock  cycle time of the processor? 
  4. Assuming there are no stalls or hazards, what is the utilization of the data memory? 
  5. Assuming there are no stalls or hazards, what is the utilization of the write-register port  of the “Registers” unit?

f. Instead of a single-cycle organization, we can use a multi-cycle organization where  each instruction takes multiple cycles but one instruction finishes before another is  fetched. In this organization, an instruction only goes through stages it actually needs  (e.g., ST takes only 4 cycles because it does not need the WB stage). Compare clock  cycle times and execution times with single cycle, multi-cycle, and pipelined organization.

IF
ID
EX
MEM
WB
250ps
350ps
150ps
300ps
200ps
Also, assume that instructions executed by the processor are broken down as follows:
alu
beq
Iw
Sw
45%
20%
20%
15%
Transcribed Image Text:IF ID EX MEM WB 250ps 350ps 150ps 300ps 200ps Also, assume that instructions executed by the processor are broken down as follows: alu beq Iw Sw 45% 20% 20% 15%
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