Explain how subnetting and the OSI model are related. How can subnetting be applied to optimize network traffic at specific OSI layers?

Important elements of a successful data connection layer frame transfer are error and flow management. Explain the different error types in detail and provide the necessary remedies.

Although though the OSI model stipulates a minimum of seven levels, this is not usually the case in actual network architectures. The advantages of reducing the number of layers employed are as follows. Just what potential drawbacks may be connected to a reduced layer count?

We can see that the functionality for data planes and plane power may be widely split into the characteristics for network layers, which is a helpful difference. What are the data plane's main functions? from the control plane's vantage point?