Explain the concept of cache memory in computer systems. How does it improve system performance, and what are the trade-offs involved in cache design?

Cache memory plays a pivotal role in enhancing the speed and efficiency of computer systems. It is a high-speed volatile computer memory that offers high-speed data access to the processor and stores frequently used computer programs, applications, and data. The fundamental purpose is to provide faster data storage and access by storing instances of programs and data routinely accessed by the processor.