"Explain the concept of subnetting in computer networking and its role in IP address allocation. Describe the process of subnetting a given IP address space into smaller subnetworks with varying sizes. Discuss the benefits of subnetting, such as efficient address allocation, improved network management, and enhanced security. Additionally, explore subnetting strategies, such as classful and classless addressing, and their implications for network design and scalability."

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Exercise 5.2.6 Use your textbook and the Internet to determine the communication steps in an ARP Request and Response. What steps are involved and how is each message sent ( broadcast to all devices or unicast to a single device)? 1. Based on the interface and the forwarding IP address, ARP consults the appropriate ARP cache for an entry for the forwarding IP address. If an entry is found, ARP skips to step 6. 2. If the entry is not found, ARP builds an ARP Request frame containing the MAC address of the interface sending the ARP Request, the IP address of the interface sending the ARP Request, and the forwarding IP address. ARP then broadcasts the ARP Request using the appropriate interface. 3. All hosts receive the broadcasted frame and the ARP Request is processed. If the receiving host's IP address matches the requested IP address (the forwarding IP address), its ARP cache is updated with the address mapping of the sender of the ARP Request. If the receiving host's IP address does…

1-In a network based on the bus topology, the bus is a non-shareable resource for which the machines must compete in order to transmit messages. How is deadlock controlled in this context? 2-Using 32-bit Internet addresses was originally thought to provide ample room for expansion, but that conjecture is not proving to be accurate. IPV6 uses 128-bit addressing. Will that prove to be adequate? Justify your answer’ (for example, you might compare the number of possible addresses to the population of the world).