Answered: EXPLAIN your choices for each of the…

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter16: Human Genetics And The Human Genome

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6TYU

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Question

1. Hemoglobin researchers have discovered more than 500 naturally occurring hemoglobin mutations. The majority of these results from single amino acid changes. Some of these mutations result in clinical illness or symptoms, but many show no outward effects. Some examples are:

HbS (sickle cell Hb)-substitutes Val for Glu on the surface

Hb Cowtown - eliminates an ion pair used in T-state stabilization

Hb Memphis - surface uncharged polar aa for another of similar size on the surface

Hb Bibba-substitutes a Pro for a Leu in an α-helix

Hb Milwaukee - substitutes a Glu for a Val

Hb Providence- substitutes a Asn for a Lys that normally projects into the central cavity

Hb Philly - substitutes a Phe for a Tyr, disrupting hydrogen bonding at the aß interface.

EXPLAIN your choices for each of the following:

a) The Hb variant least likely to cause pathological symptoms

b) The variant(s) most likely to show pl values different from that of HbA

c) The variant(s) most likely to show a decrease in BPG binding and an increase in the overall affinity of the Hb's oxygen affinity.

2. What effect does each of the following treatments have on the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin A in vitro?