For each of the cases below, describe the type of entry barrier that appears to be most relevant. Which of the following describes the type of entry barrier faced for a patented blood pressure medication? O A. There is a natural entry barrier for a patented blood pressure medication because entry into the market has been limited through government action. O B. There is a created entry barrier for a patented blood pressure medication because entry into the market has been limited through limited access to key natural resources O. There is a created entry barrier for a patented blood pressure medication because entry into the market has been limited through government action. OD. There is a natural entry barrier for a patented blood pressure medication because entry into the market has been limited through price cutting

For each of the cases below, describe the type of entry barrier that appears to be most relevant. Which of the following describes the type of entry barrier faced for a patented blood pressure medication? O A. There is a natural entry barrier for a patented blood pressure medication because entry into the market has been limited through government action. O B. There is a created entry barrier for a patented blood pressure medication because entry into the market has been limited through limited access to key natural resources O. There is a created entry barrier for a patented blood pressure medication because entry into the market has been limited through government action. OD. There is a natural entry barrier for a patented blood pressure medication because entry into the market has been limited through price cutting

EBK HEALTH ECONOMICS AND POLICY

7th Edition

ISBN:9781337668279

Author:Henderson

Publisher:Henderson

Chapter9: The Physicians’ Services Market

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QAP

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PLEASE ANSWER JUST D & E List the costs and benefits of the following hypothetical policies: A. The US government offers a $5 billion prize to the first drug company that develops a cure for Alzheimer's disease. B. The patent length for drugs to treat fatal diseases is reduced to five years and all current patents for such drugs that are already in more than five years old instantly expire. C. The European Medicines Agency announces that it will instantly approve new drug applications that have shown any promise in treating Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (also known as mad cow disease), even if there are safety concerns or if the evidence of efficacy is not conclusive. D. The US government allows patients to write themselves prescriptions on weekends, when physicians are typically not available. E. The US government mandates lower out-of-pocket costs on brand-name drugs
The Orphan Drug Act of 1983 provides tax incentives, patent protection, and research subsidies to firms for drugs, vaccines, and diagnostic agents if they are intended to treat a disease that affects less than 200,000 citizens. Explain how the Orphan Drug Act would affect drug development. Can you think of any tradeoffs from the act?
Assume that the government decides to subsidize the price of healthcare. The subsidy will be given directly to individual consumers of medical-related goods and services. Who is likely to benefit more from this subsidy: Providers (doctors, nurses, hospital staff, etc....) or Patients? Explain your answer using a supply and demand diagram.
Frustration over US pharmaceutical pricing has led researchers to develop frameworks for evaluation that can be used by any purchaser or patient making complex drug choices. One of the most prominent, the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review, uses clinical trial data and compares value -- per quality adjusted life year (QALY) -- under actual market pricing and other possible references prices for specific drugs. Do you think $/QALY is an appropriate metric for evaluating the value of new drugs?
Suppose you have an insurance plan in which you pay the market price for medical care until you meet a deductible of $1,000, after which you have a coinsurance rate of .20. Answer parts a and b assuming your inverse demand curve for medical care is P = 400 – 10Q and the market price for medical care is $200 per unit.a) Graph the price line and your demand curve. On the graph, label the values of the x and y intercepts of the demand curve, the quantity where you meet the deductible, the horizontal sections of the price line, and the point(s) where the demand curve intersects the price line.b) Find the number of units of medical care that you will demand. Show all calculations that youperformed in your analysis.
List the costs and benefits of the following hypothetical policies.a. The US government offers a $5 billion prize to the first drug company that develops a cure for Alzheimer’s disease.b. The patent length for drugs to treat fatal diseases is reduced to five years, and all current patents for such drugs that are already more than five years old instantly expire.c. The European Medicines Agency announces that it will instantly approve new drug applications that have shown any promise in treating Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (also known as mad cow disease), even if there are safety concerns or if the evidence of efficacy is not conclusive.d. The US government allows patients to write themselves prescriptions on weekends, when physicians are typically not available.
List the costs and benefits of the following hypothetical policies: A. The US government offers a $5 billion prize to the first drug company that develops a cure for Alzheimer's disease. B. The patent length for drugs to treat fatal diseases is reduced to five years and all current patents for such drugs that are already in more than five years old instantly expire. C. The European Medicines Agency announces that it will instantly approve new drug applications that have shown any promise in treating Creutzfeld-Jakob disease (also known as mad cow disease), even if there are safety concerns or if the evidence of efficacy is not conclusive. D. The US government allows patients to write themselves prescriptions on weekends, when physicians are typically not available. E. The US government mandates lower out-of-pocket costs on brand-name drugs.
what is the relationship between the financial well-being of the industry and availability of healthcare, in consideration of market and demand theories?
Suppose you are collecting data from a country like Japan where the government sets the price of health care. Each prefecture in Japan has a different set of prices (for example, Tokyo has higher prices than rural Hokkaido). Data for 1999 is displayed in Table 2.12. Table 2.12. Outpatient utilization in Tokyo and Hokkaido, 1999. Region Outpatient Visits Price/Visit Tokyo 1.25/month 20 Japenese Yen Hokkaido 1.5/month 10 Japanese Yen What is the arc price elasticity ofdemand for health care consumers in Japan (using only this data)?
The graph below represents a simplified hypothetical version of the market for medical procedures in Canada. If the market is allowed to set the price and quantity of procedures, what price and quantity will it set? P = $7,000, Q = 62 thousand P = $12,000, Q = 106 thousand P = $7,000, Q = 112 thousand P = $49,000, Q = 62 thousand
Multiple choice 14. Mark is a Canadian lumberjack whose income increases from $1,200 per week to $1,500 per week. If his demand for restaurant meals rises from 2 to 4 per week then...Select one: a.Ey = 3 b.Ey = 0.5 c.Ey = 2.5 d.Ey = -1 15. Which of the following would help support the argument for legalizing drugs?Select one: a.None of the other choices b.The demand curve for illegal drugs in relatively elastic c.The demand curve for illegal drugs is relatively inelastic d.The demand curve for illegal drugs is perfectly elastic 16. The Philippines Government is thinking of increasing taxes on gasoline and cigarettes in order to raise tax revenue. This would...Select one: a.None of the above are correct b.Be a good idea if gasoline and cigarettes are inelastic goods c.Be a poor idea because people would stop consuming these goods d.Be a good idea if gasoline and cigarettes are elastic goods 17. If Exy > 0 then goods x and y areSelect one: a.Substitutes b.Normal goods c.Inferior goods…
Suppose you are collecting data from a country like Japan where the government sets the price of healthcare. Each prefecture in Japan has a different set of prices (for example, Tokyo has higher prices than rural Hokkaido). Data for 1999 are displayed in the table below. Region Outpatient Visits per Month Price per Visit Tokyo 1.25 25 Hokkaido 1.75 15 (4 points) What is the arc price elasticity of demand for health care consumers in Japan (using only these data)? (4 points) Suppose that incomes are generally much higher in Tokyo than Hokkaido. Is your answer to the last question an overestimate or underestimate of price elasticity? Justify your answer. (c) (4 points) Using your estimated elasticity, what would the demand for health care be if the price in Tokyo were raised to 30 per visit? What would the demand in Hokkaido be if the price were lowered to 5 per visit?