Fungi Vascular plants Insects Mollusks Fishes (b) Plethodon richmondi Salamanders Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals 106 10 108 109 1010 10" 102 (a) Genome sizes (nucleotide base pairs per haploid genome) (c) Plethodon larselli RE 10.8 Haploid genome sizes among groups of eukaryotic species.

Fungi Vascular plants Insects Mollusks Fishes (b) Plethodon richmondi Salamanders Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals 106 10 108 109 1010 10" 102 (a) Genome sizes (nucleotide base pairs per haploid genome) (c) Plethodon larselli RE 10.8 Haploid genome sizes among groups of eukaryotic species.

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter17: Metabolism: An Overview

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13P: What Art the Features of the Series of -omes? Define the following terms: a. Genome b. Transcriptome...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: Which of the following is correct? The filaments of water molds and fungi are homologous The…

A: Land plants are also referred to as embryophyte. They contain all the pigments to perform…

Q: Michael Bunce and his colleagues in England, Canada, and theUnited States extracted and sequenced…

A: A phylogenetic tree is constructed to determine the evolutionary relationships among organisms. It…

Q: Spirochaetes are free-living, anaerobic bacteria that contain spiral-shaped cells. Nematodes are…

A: Introduction Spirochaete:- It is a member of the phylum Spirochaetota, which contains distinctive…

Q: What characteristic of a genomic island suggests that it originated in another species?

A: A genomic island is defined as the portion of the genome which gives the idea with the evidence of…

Q: 2. Two sequences are said to be homologous if: A. they have diverged from a common ancestor. B.…

A: Homologous sequence is derived from the word “homo” which means same and “logous” which makes…

Q: The genetic data below is the DNA sequence of part of a theoretical fungal genome. a.) Which strand…

A: DNA is a double stranded molecular structure with anti parallel stands of polarity 5' --->3' and…

Q: 1. Which is a more definite characteristic to show relatedness of two organisms? A. Similarity in…

A: Answer 1st question answer is Option D 2nd question answer is option C

Q: A b and c only

A: A phylogenetic tree is a tree diagram that picturizes the evolutionary relationship between the…

Q: Which of the below characteristics distinguishes animals from the other eukaryotic organisms on…

A: Eukaryotic cells have membrane bound nucleus and other membrane bound organelles.

Q: Species 2 is described as 2n = 10 and has chromosome composition NNPPSSXXZ. %3D Select the best…

A: Monosomy is a condition when the organism is missing one chromosome from two pairs of the homologous…

Q: Spirochaetes are free-living, anaerobic bacteria that contain spiral-shaped cells. Nematodes are…

A: Spirochetes These are gram negative bacteria with spiral shape, belonging to the the phylum…

Q: 5. Analogy and homology are important concepts used in comparing species. Which of the following…

A: Evolution is the process through a living organism acquires new characters over a period of time due…

Q: What is phylogeny? Why is it considered an important field in understanding evolutionary processes?

A: Phylogeny is the representation of the evolutionary history and relationships between groups of…

Q: . Complete genome sequences indicate that the humangenome has roughly 27,000 genes, while the…

A: Genome is the set of genes and the collection of all information on the human genome as well as…

Q: .1. Phylogenetic tree: Change in characteristics occurs in lineages over time. Rate of mutation is…

A: INTRODUCTION Neighbor Joining Method This is a clustering method used for building phylogenetic…

Q: 10. a) The two extant species that are closely related to ca other are Present 10 MYA Genetic…

A: A phylogeny is a hypothesised connection between groups of creatures that is represented by a…

Q: Explain why forams have such a well-preserved fossil record. 85. Would you expect the plastid DNA of…

A: Foraminifera (forams) are single-celled organisms with shells. They are abundant as fossils for the…

Q: Spirochaetes are free-living, anaerobic bacteria that contain spiral-shaped cells. Nematodes are…

A: We need to find the statement that is accurately describes DNA of spirochete and Nematode.

Q: ould two species with similar traits have similiar genomes? Why?

A: Some species are able to successfully breed with each other and but different species are…

Q: 7. Identify 3 species that would likely have homologous structures (structures that are constructed…

A: Phylogenetic tree is represented by the lines and nodes. Construction of phylogenetic tree is a way…

Q: The first whole-life phylogenies based on sequence data were estimated on the basis of small…

A: Phylogeny is a bifurcation diagram or tree that shows evolutionary relationships between different…

Q: What general term describes any character state that is modified relative to an ancestor? 1…

A: Correct Answer: Derived State Derived State is also known as Apomorphy. It involves characters that…

Q: Imagine that you have the DNA sequences from the intron of a gene in three species called A, B, and…

A: DNA and RNA both made by unbranched linear polymer of nucleotides but..

Q: The genetic difference between two Drosophila species, D. heteroneura and D. silvestris, as measured…

A: The genetic difference between two Drosophila species, D. heteroneura and D. sylvestris, as measured…

Q: Atlantic Thorny oyster. Trace its origin and evolutionary history or changes in the species.…

A: The Atlantic thorny oyster, Spondylus americanus, is a bivalve mollusk that is found in the western…

Q: Imagine that you have the DNA sequences from the intron of a gene in three species called A, B, and…

A: DNA and RNA both made by unbranched linear polymer of nucleotides but

Q: 5. It is possible that these two types" of lice are two different species cr are two different…

A: The biological classification gives us a rough idea regarding the common and distant characters of…

Q: 1. Anagenesis (non-branching speciation), in which the ancestral and descendant populations do not…

A: Anagenesis is the process through which one species transforms into another as a result of…

Q: 3. Using the origin (0, 0) and the data for species E, project out to predict how many nucleotide…

A: Disclaimer: - According to Bartleby guidelines, only the 1st three questions (for MCQ) can be…

Q: Hello, I need help answering number 5 questions using the phylogeny below pls & thank you! 5.a) In…

A: As per the honor code, we answer only three subparts at a time. Therefore, we are answering the…

Q: Species I is diploid (2 n = 8) with chromosomes AABBCCDD; related species II is diploid (2 n = 8)…

A: Mutations result from mistakes in cell division that cause a section of a chromosome to break off,…

Q: If organisms D, E, and F belong to the same phylum but to different classes and if organisms A, B,…

A: Taxonomic categories represent hierarchy also known as Linnaean hierarchy as it was first proposed…

Q: Asian tiger mosquito Trace its origin and evolutionary history or changes in the species. Describe…

A: Note- we are supposed to answer 3 subpart of a question according to our guidelines. Please repost…

Q: If the multicellular organism arise from the unicellular organisms , can you tell that all…

A: The difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms stems primarily from differences in…

Q: Hox genes Group of answer choices a. are only found in nematodes and arthropods b. are pseudogenes…

A: A gene is a fundamental basis of heredity in biology and a pattern of nucleotides in DNA that…

Q: 10. Taxonomy versus Phylogenetics For novice biologists, taxonomy and phylogenetics are difficult…

A: CONTRAST BETWEEN TAXONOMY AND PHYLOGENETICS:- 1)Taxonomy is the description of species and large…

Q: 1. (a) inferred phylogeny of a set of DNA sequences Molecular phylogenetics Molecular…

A: Molecular phylogenetics - It is the branch of phylogeny in which comparative analysis of genetic…

Q: SEQUENCE 28 SEQUENCE 21 SEQUENCE 22 SEQUENCE 23 SEQUENCE 24 SEQUENCE 25 SEQUENCE 26 SEQUENCE 27

A: A phylogenic tree represents the evolutionary relationship between species or even proteins. The…

Q: 4. Did the square nose of Species D and Species G come from the common ancestor? 5. Is the square…

A: The phylogenytic tree construction is depends on the character similarities between different…

Q: 7. Which of the following pair of organisms use parthenogenesis as a mode of reproduction? *…

A: Parthenogenesis is the mode of reproduction that is asexual and does not involve the involvement of…

Q: A team of scientists has determined the gene sequence of a newly discovered species of insect to be:…

A: Genomics is the study of an organism's entire genome using high-performance computing. Researchers…

Q: Hello, I need help answering 5c & 5d using the phylogeny below(letter (A) graph to the left). Pls…

A: The phenomenon of evolution of a population to form distinct species is called speciation. A group…

Q: 1. What type of evolutionary group do these taxa comprise? Why do you say they represent this type…

A: A phylogenetic tree is a pictorial representation of evolutionary relationships between different…

Q: ) The apparently constant rate of change Molecular phylogenetics Molecular evolution…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: Crickets have colonized each island in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Geological data indicates that…

A: The long history of the island means there would be a more complex volcanic activity which makes…

Q: As we focused on linkage,chromosomal mapping, and many associated phenomena.In the pIn this chapter,…

A: A chromosome is a single piece of DNA whereas genes are segments of DNA positioned along a…

Q: the same as the genus of an animal that steals chloroplasts from algae. It can keep the chloroplasts…

A: Arthropod: Invertebrates with an exoskeleton, segmented bodies, and paired jointed legs are known as…

Q: Evolutionary theory predicts that species are related, not independent. Four of the following…

A: The end of the Cretaceous period which was about 65 million years ago, was the most prominent of all…

Concept explainers

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.

Question

What are two reasons for the wide variation in genome sizes among eukaryotic species?

Fungi
Vascular
plants
Insects
Mollusks
Fishes
(b) Plethodon richmondi
Salamanders
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
106
10
108
109
1010
10"
102
(a) Genome sizes (nucleotide base pairs per
haploid genome)
(c) Plethodon larselli
RE 10.8 Haploid genome sizes among groups of eukaryotic species.

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

This is a popular solution!

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

. Genomes A, B, and C all have basic chromosomenumbers (x) of nine. These genomes were derivedoriginally from plant species that had diverged from each other sufficiently far back in the evolutionarypast that the chromosomes from one genome can nolonger pair with the chromosomes from any other genome. For plants with the following kinds of euploidchromosome complements, (i) state the number ofchromosomes in the organism; (ii) provide terms thatdescribe the individual’s genetic makeup as accurately as possible; (iii) state whether or not it is likelythat this plant will be fertile, and if so, give the number of chromosomes (n) in the gametes.a. AABBCb. BBBBc. CCCd. BBCCe. ABCf. AABBCC
DNA isolated from the bacterial virus M13 con-tains 25% A, 33% T, 22% C, and 20% G. Do these resultsstrike you as peculiar? Why or why not? How might youexplain these values?
The human genome contains approximately 106 copies of an Alusequence, one of the best-studied classes of short interspersed elements(SINEs), per haploid genome. Individual Alu units share a282-nucleotide consensus sequence followed by a 3@adenine@richtail region [Schmid (1998)]. Given that there are approximately3 * 10^9 base pairs per human haploid genome, about how manybase pairs are spaced between each Alu sequence?
Researchers who study the molecular mechanism of transformationhave identified many proteins in bacteria that function in theuptake of DNA from the environment and its recombination intothe host cell’s chromosome. This means that bacteria have evolvedmolecular mechanisms for the purpose of transformation by extracellularDNA. What advantage(s) does a bacterium derive from importing DNA from the environment and/or incorporating it into its chromosome?
3. Now that the sequence of the entire E. coli K12 straingenome (roughly 5 Mb) is known, you can determineexactly where a cloned fragment of DNA came fromin the genome by sequencing a few bases and matching that data with genomic information.a. About how many nucleotides of sequence information would you need to determine exactly where afragment is from?b. If you had purified a protein from E. coli cells,roughly how many amino acids of that proteinwould you need to know to establish which geneencoded the protein?c. You determine 100 nucleotides of sequence ofgenomic DNA from a different E. coli strain, butyou cannot find a match in the E. coli K12 genomesequence. How is this possible?
8. Using recombinant DNA techniques (which willbe described in Chapter 9), it is possible to take theDNA of a gene from any source and place it on achromosome in the nucleus of a yeast cell. Whenyou take the DNA for a human gene and put it into ayeast cell chromosome, the altered yeast cell canmake the human protein. But when you remove theDNA for a gene normally present on yeast mitochondrial chromosomes and put it on a yeast chromosome inthe nucleus, the yeast cell cannot synthesize the correctprotein, even though the gene comes from the sameorganism. Explain. What would you need to do to ensurethat such a yeast cell could make the correct protein?
Suppose you are characterizing the DNA of a diploidplant species that had never been analyzed previously.You purify all the DNA that can be isolated from a seedling, and subject this DNA to high-throughput sequencinginvolving millions of reads of random DNA fragments.a. If you obtained on average 100 reads of a givensingle-copy nuclear DNA sequence, about howmany reads would you obtain for mtDNA? ForcpDNA? (Assume each mitochondrion has10 genome copies and that each choloroplast has20 genome copies. Assume also that the averagecell of this plant species has 1000 mitochondriaand 50 chloroplasts.)b. Beyond the number of reads, what other criteriawould allow you to conclude whether a particularread was of nuclear DNA, mtDNA, or cpDNA?
Given what you know about the structure and functionof telomerase, provide a plausible model to explain howa species could exist with a combination of two differentrepeats (for example, TTAGGG and TTGTGG) on eachof their telomeres
27. Which term describes any ancient remains, impressions, or traces of an organism or traces of its activity that have been preserved in rocks or other mineral deposits in Earth's crust? a. analogous feature b. homologous feature c. mutation d. fossi
2. Give two different reasons for the much higher ratioof total DNA to protein-encoding DNA in the humangenome as compared to bacterial genomes.
What Art the Features of the Series of -omes? Define the following terms: a. Genome b. Transcriptome c. Proteome d. Metabolome e. Fluxome
6. How do you know if the halibut you purchased at thesupermarket is really halibut? To identify the sourceof a biological sample, scientists PCR amplify andthen sequence a region of DNA known to vary between species. For animals, this DNA region is a648–base pair portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene. The sequence of this mtDNAregion acts as a so-called DNA barcode because adatabase exists that contains the sequences of thismtDNA region that are unique for hundreds ofthousands of animal species.a. Why do you think that a region of mitochondrialDNA is used for barcoding animals, as opposed toa region of nuclear genomic DNA?b. A single pair of PCR primers can be used tobarcode any species of fish. Explain how this ispossible.c. List criteria that scientists would have consideredwhen determining which mitochondrial DNAsequence to use for barcoding animals.