How are probes used to screen DNA libraries? Explain how a synthetic probe can be prepared when the protein product of a gene is known.

Q: Based on the picture, why plasmids are used as a vector for DNA Recombination? What other vectors…

A: Ans: Recombinant DNA technology: The given process is the process of recombinant DNA technology in…

Q: What is linker scanning mutagenesis?

A: Answer: Introduction: Old-style approaches, containing linker-scanning mutagenesis includes…

Q: gene cloning of amplified gene with enzmes

A: Gene expression is defined as process by which the data in the DNA are converted into a protein.…

Q: Why is Sanger sequencing sometimes referred to as "dye-terminator" sequencing?

A: Frederick Sanger and his colleagues created Sanger Sequencing, often known as 'chain termination…

Q: Using nucleotide letters, show the kind of cut that could be made on a DNA molecule to circularize…

A: A plasmid is a small, extrachromosomal DNA molecule within a cell that is different from the…

Q: How are dideoxynucleotide triphosphates utilized in sequencing?

A: DNA is the genetic substance of all creatures. It is a double-helical structure made up of two…

Q: How to do linear Restriction Mapping of gene fragments, including a combination of three enzymes?

A: Bacteria contain restriction enzymes. To destroy viruses, bacteria use restriction enzymes, which…

Q: Describe a method of labeling a DNA probe. Explain how this probe maybe detected after DNA…

A: The probe is basically a single stranded sequence of DNA or RNA which is used commonly for the…

Q: Explain how agarose electrophoresis separates DNA fragments. Why does a smaller DNA fragment move…

A: Electrophoresis the separation of fragment based on their size and charge.Agarose gel…

Q: What are the advantages of using a restriction enzyme whose recognitionsite is relatively rare? When…

A: Restriction enzymes or restriction endonucleases are enzymes capable of recognizing a specific…

Q: Restriction enzymes and DNA ligase play essential roles in DNA cloning. How is it that a bacterium…

A: According to the question, Restriction enzymes and DNA ligase play essential roles in DNA cloning.…

Q: What is the significance of palindromic Restriction Endonuclease recognition and sequence overhangs…

A: Restriction endonucleases enzyme is also known as molecular scissors, which helps in cleavage of DNA…

Q: Describe the process of cloning a DNA fragment into the BamHI and PstI sites of the vector pUC18.…

A: A cloning vector is a DNA molecule used as a vehicle to artificially carry foreign genetic material…

Q: Describe the role of dideoxyribonucleotides ingenerating DNA fragments for analysis

A: Sanger developed a method to determine the sequence of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) called the Sanger…

Q: Explain the difference between sequencing by chain termination and sequencing by synthesis. Which…

A: Chain termination process employs dideoxynucleoside triphosphates (ddNTPs) lacking OH (hydroxyl)…

Q: How is recombinant DNA inserted into a genome using CRISPRediting?

A: The modern technology of genetics can be utilized to increase the genomes of various living…

Q: In the procedure called RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), what type ofmolecule is actually sequenced?

A: Ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-seq) was developed by Michael Snyder and colleagues in 2008. It is…

Q: Explain the purpose of the antibiotic resistance gene in this experiment. Why is this genetic trait…

A: Bacteria are microorganism that most commonly occur in the soil, air, water and in adverse…

Q: Which vectors can be used to clone a continuous fragment of DNA with the following lengths? a. 4 kb…

A: According to the question, we have to mention the name of the vectors that can be used to clone a…

Q: What is RNA sequencing ? Why it is important ?

A: The biochemical material that is carried from the preceding generation to the succeeding generation…

Q: Briefly explain how synthetic probes are created to screen a DNA library when the protein encoded by…

A: Synthetic probe is fragment of DNA. to screen a DNA library RNA of variable length approximately 100…

Q: what are similarities and differences between chain-termination and reversible terminator…

A: Gene sequencing  aids in the development of gene therapy, a form of treatment that replaces faulty…

Q: How to create  recombinant DNA molecules withplasmid vectors?

A: Recombinant DNA is the one which consist of autonomous replicating DNA segment along with inserted…

Q: Explain the sequencing-by synthesis (SBS) approach ?

A: One of the well-known states that are known as fundamental topics in Arithmetic is sequence and…

Q: What is a vector in DNA cloning?

A: DNA cloning is a technique that forms many identical copies of a DNA segment (gene). In a general…

Q: What are the advantages of Next Generation Sequencing?

A: DNA sequencing is a biochemical method for determining the order of nucleotide bases, A, G, C, and…

Q: In cloning human DNA, why is it necessary to insert the DNA into a vector such as a bacterial…

A: Plasmid are small, circular, extra-chromosomal, double stranded DNA molecule. They are capable of…

Q: In producing genetically engineered human insulin in bacteria, why is it important to use the same…

A: In the production of human insulin by bacterium, E.coli, the human insulin gene is introduced into…

Q: Explain the use of a probe in screening a DNA library

A: Introduction: Probes are the small DNA or RNA strands that are used to label DNA. The labeling of…

Q: What is the difference between gene therapy and CRISPR?

A: The process by which scientists can manipulate the genetic material of the organism in the…

Q: In DNA cloning, why do we need to check colonies for insert after transformation?

A: Gene is the basic unit of heredity. All living organisms contain certain nucleic acids as their…

Q: What characteristics of plasmids makes them good cloning vectors? Discuss.

A: Genetic engineering is the branch of biology which deals with the process of making manipulation in…

Q: What advantages do cDNA libraries provide over genomic DNA libraries? Describe cloning applications…

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: State the characteristics that would be required for using a restriction endonuclease with human…

A: Restriction enzymes or restriction endonuclease are the enzyme naturally present in the bacteria…

Q: How does the use of restriction endonucleases of different specificities aid in the sequencing of…

A: Restriction endonucleases of different specificities cleave DNA at specific sites.

Q: How do tou figure out which type of restriction enzymes to use in an experiment and what would…

A: A restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease is an enzyme that cleaves/cuts DNA into fragments…

Q: Why does reversible chain termination sequencing yield short reads?

A: In genetics, sequencing is considered a methodology to determine the order of nucleotides(adenine,…

Q: What are the main  differences between whole genome sequencing and whole exome sequencing?

A: whole genome sequencing is sequencing the entire genome of the organism, where as whole exome…

Q: The gene you are asked to clone is 30,000 bps in length. When you are choosing a suitable…

A: Introduction  Enzymes are the crucial biomolecules which assists in various biochemical reactions…

Q: What is RNA sequencing ?

A: Most living organisms that are well-staed to define as they have DNA as their genetic material. It…

Q: What are the roles of the restriction enzyme and selective plating in cloning a gene?

A: Introduction :- DNA-cutting enzymes are restriction enzymes. Each enzyme detects a single or a few…

Q: What are DNA probes and for what are they used?

A: The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a hereditary material that is found in almost all living…

Q: What is CRISPR? What can it do?

A: Unlike eukaryotic cells in plants and animals, prokaryotic cells such as bacteria and archaea have…

Q: Why is RNA sequencing important?

A: RNA or ribonucleic acid is a polymer of ribonucleotides connected together via a phosphodiester…

Q: How can we use software to identify restriction-enzyme cutting sites in sequenced DNA ?

A: Restriction analysis is the process of identifying restriction mapping sites in DNA sequences by…

Q: What are Short hybridization probes?

A: A probe is a stretch of single stranded ribonucleotides (RNA) or deoxyribonucleotides (DNA). DNA…

Q: What are the three types of DNA ends that can be generated after cutting DNA with restriction…

A: A restriction enzyme, also known as a restriction endonuclease, is a bacterial protein that cleaves…

Q: How many fragments would you expect to be formed from digestion of a 2500 base pair long linear…

A: Given information: 2500 base pair long linear piece of DNA is the piece of DNA that is to be worked…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.