How would the carbon cycle be influenced by an increase in aerobicrespiration?Carbon dioxide would be consumed by aerobic respirationThere would be less carbonthe oceansThere would be less precipitationCarbon dioxide would be released into the atmosphereThere would be less photosynthesis

The carbon cycle is the process in which carbon atoms mainly in the form of carbon dioxide travels…

How would the carbon cycle be influenced by an increase in aerobic respiration? Carbon dioxide would be consumed by aerobic respiration There would be less carbon in the oceans There would be less precipitation Carbon dioxide would be released into the atmosphere There would be less photosynthesis

How would the carbon cycle be influenced by an increase in aerobic respiration? Carbon dioxide would be consumed by aerobic respiration There would be less carbon in the oceans There would be less precipitation Carbon dioxide would be released into the atmosphere There would be less photosynthesis

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305967359

Author:STARR

Publisher:STARR

Chapter7: Releasing Chemical Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3SA: Which of the following pathways requires molecular oxygen (O2)? a. aerobic respiration b. lactate...

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Is the following statement true or false? Unlike animals, which make many ATP by aerobic respiration, plants make all of their ATP by photosynthesis.
The Calvin-Benson cycle starts with _______. a. the absorption of photon energy b. carbon fixation c. the release of electrons from photosystem II d. NADP+ formation
Match each term with its most suitable description. ____ PGAL formation a. absorbs light ____CO2 fixation b. converts light to chemical energy ____ autotroph c. self-feeder ____ ATP forms NADPH does not d. electrons cycle back to photosystem ____ photorespiration e. problem in C3 plants ____ photosynthesis f. Calvin-Benson cycle product ____ pigment g. water molecules split ____ photolysis in photosynthesis h. rubisco function
Biofuels A lot of energy is locked up in the chemical bonds of molecules made by plants. That energy can fuel consumers, as when an animal cell powers ATP synthesis by aerobic respiration. It can also fuel our cars, which run on energy released by burning biofuels or fossil fuels. Both processes are fundamentally the same: They release energy by breaking the bonds of organic molecules. Both use oxygen to break those bonds, and both produce carbon dioxide. Unlike fossil fuels, biofuels are a renewable source of energy: We can always make more of them simply by growing more plants. Also unlike fossil fuels, biofuels do not contribute to global climate change, because growing plant matter for fuel recycles carbon that is already in the atmosphere. Corn, soy, sugarcane, and other food crops are rich in oils, starches, and sugars that can be easily converted to biofuels. The starch in corn kernels, for example, can be enzymatically broken down to glucose, which is fermented to ethanol by bacteria or yeast. However, growing food crops for biofuel production typically requires a lot of energy (in the form of fossil fuels) and it damages the environment. Making biofuels from other plant matter such as weeds or agricultural waste requires additional steps, because these materials contain a higher proportion of cellulose. Breaking down this tough carbohydrate to its glucose monomers adds cost to the biofuel product. In 2006, David Tilman and his colleagues published the results of a 10-year study comparing the net energy output of various biofuels. The researchers made biofuel from a mixture of native perennial grasses grown without irrigation, fertilizer, pesticides, or herbicides, in sandy soil that was so depleted by intensive agriculture that it had been abandoned. The energy content of this biofuel and the energy it took to produce it were measured and compared with that of biofuels made from food crops (Figure 5.16). Which of the three crops required the least amount of land to produce a given amount of biofuel energy?
Biofuels A lot of energy is locked up in the chemical bonds of molecules made by plants. That energy can fuel consumers, as when an animal cell powers ATP synthesis by aerobic respiration. It can also fuel our cars, which run on energy released by burning biofuels or fossil fuels. Both processes are fundamentally the same: They release energy by breaking the bonds of organic molecules. Both use oxygen to break those bonds, and both produce carbon dioxide. Unlike fossil fuels, biofuels are a renewable source of energy: We can always make more of them simply by growing more plants. Also unlike fossil fuels, biofuels do not contribute to global climate change, because growing plant matter for fuel recycles carbon that is already in the atmosphere. Corn, soy, sugarcane, and other food crops are rich in oils, starches, and sugars that can be easily converted to biofuels. The starch in corn kernels, for example, can be enzymatically broken down to glucose, which is fermented to ethanol by bacteria or yeast. However, growing food crops for biofuel production typically requires a lot of energy (in the form of fossil fuels) and it damages the environment. Making biofuels from other plant matter such as weeds or agricultural waste requires additional steps, because these materials contain a higher proportion of cellulose. Breaking down this tough carbohydrate to its glucose monomers adds cost to the biofuel product. In 2006, David Tilman and his colleagues published the results of a 10-year study comparing the net energy output of various biofuels. The researchers made biofuel from a mixture of native perennial grasses grown without irrigation, fertilizer, pesticides, or herbicides, in sandy soil that was so depleted by intensive agriculture that it had been abandoned. The energy content of this biofuel and the energy it took to produce it were measured and compared with that of biofuels made from food crops (Figure 5.16). The production of which biofuel was most efficient (which had the highest ratio of energy output to energy input)?
Biofuels A lot of energy is locked up in the chemical bonds of molecules made by plants. That energy can fuel consumers, as when an animal cell powers ATP synthesis by aerobic respiration. It can also fuel our cars, which run on energy released by burning biofuels or fossil fuels. Both processes are fundamentally the same: They release energy by breaking the bonds of organic molecules. Both use oxygen to break those bonds, and both produce carbon dioxide. Unlike fossil fuels, biofuels are a renewable source of energy: We can always make more of them simply by growing more plants. Also unlike fossil fuels, biofuels do not contribute to global climate change, because growing plant matter for fuel recycles carbon that is already in the atmosphere. Corn, soy, sugarcane, and other food crops are rich in oils, starches, and sugars that can be easily converted to biofuels. The starch in corn kernels, for example, can be enzymatically broken down to glucose, which is fermented to ethanol by bacteria or yeast. However, growing food crops for biofuel production typically requires a lot of energy (in the form of fossil fuels) and it damages the environment. Making biofuels from other plant matter such as weeds or agricultural waste requires additional steps, because these materials contain a higher proportion of cellulose. Breaking down this tough carbohydrate to its glucose monomers adds cost to the biofuel product. In 2006, David Tilman and his colleagues published the results of a 10-year study comparing the net energy output of various biofuels. The researchers made biofuel from a mixture of native perennial grasses grown without irrigation, fertilizer, pesticides, or herbicides, in sandy soil that was so depleted by intensive agriculture that it had been abandoned. The energy content of this biofuel and the energy it took to produce it were measured and compared with that of biofuels made from food crops (Figure 5.16). About how much energy did ethanol produced from one hectare of corn yield? How much energy did it take to grow and produce that ethanol?
Figure 5.7 On a hot, dry day, plants close their stomata to conserve Water. What impact will this have on photosynthesis?
Most of the carbon dioxide that plants use for photosynthesis comes from ________. a. glucose b. the atmosphere c. rainwater d. photolysis
Figure 8.18 Which of the following statements is true? In photosynthesis, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADPH are reactants. G3P and water are products. In photosynthesis, chlorophyll, water, and carbon dioxide are reactants. G3P and oxygen are products. In photosynthesis, water, carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADPH are reactants. RuBP and oxygen are products. In photosynthesis, water and carbon dioxide are reactants. G3P and oxygen are products.
What is the energy of a photon first used to do in photosynthesis? a. split a water molecule b. energize an electron c. produce ATP d. synthesize glucose
Plants use__________ as an energy source to drive photosynthesis. a. sunlight b. hydrogen ions c. O2 d. CO2
Which of the following pathways requires molecular oxygen (O2)? a. aerobic respiration b. lactate formation c. alcoholic fermentation d. photosynthesis