If a snippet of code in a programming language you do not know contains a variable assignment (e.g. X := y + 3), what conclusion can you make as to which paradigm this language belongs to?

please answer this question clearly with good explaination thanks

Which pizzas come to mind when you think about object-oriented programming's "abstraction"?

What distinguishes a variable in a structured programming language from an object in an object-oriented language?

This is due, in part, to compilers' use of Abstract Syntax Trees (AST) for code optimization.

Can a statement be distinguished from an expression? What does it imply for a language to be expression-oriented?

Why is it important in modern programming languages to include both pass-by-value & pass-by-reference? Why not just have one or the other? In your answer, describe the benefits of having each AND describe why it wouldn't be a good idea to have only one or the other.

What are some of the most important characteristics that, in your view, an ideal programming language should have?

What distinguishes a variable in a structured programming language from an object in an object-oriented language?

Why are pass-by-value and pass-by-reference constructs required in modern programming languages? Why can't we just choose one of the two possibilities? Please describe the benefits of having both in your answer, as well as the reasons why it would be foolish to have just one or the other.