If the pKa of a carboxyl group in a protein is approximately 4.5, at pH 5.5 the ratio of carboxylate (conjugate base) to carboxylic acid (conjugate acid) would be: less than 1/1 O greater than 1/1 exactly 1/1
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- Define the term isomer and distinguish among the three principal isomer types.Describe the four levels of protein structure. How do a proteins side groups influence its interactions with other substances? What happens when a protein is denatured?Why is the ionic bond between, say, the side chain of lysine and the side chain of glutamic acid stronger in the hydrophobic interior of a protein than in aqueous solvent (water)?
- Generally speaking, what two considerations determine whether a specific dihedral angle will be permitted to exist in a protein?Some characteristics of three proteins are listed in the table below: Protein Molecular Weight (Da) Isoelectric point (pI) Does the Protein Contain a heme moiety? 1 75,000 5.0 No 2 12,500 4.8 No 3 73,000 9.8 Yes a. What type of chromatography separates proteins based on their size? b. What type of chromatography separates proteins based on their charge? c. Could gel filtration chromatography be used to separate a mixture containing Protein 2 and 3? Clearly explain why or why not. If gel filtration chromatography can be used to separate Protein 2 from Protein 3, which protein would elute first (clearly explain why)? After collecting the fractions from the column, the absorbance of each fraction will be measured using a spectrophotometer. Can both proteins (Protein 2 and Protein 3) be monitored at 280nm and 400nm (clearly explain)? d. Which 2 proteins listed in the table above could be separated by ion exchange chromatography but NOT by…Hemoglobin is a tetramer consisting of two a and two b chains. What level of protein structure is described in the above statement?
- A peptide has the following sequence: Glu – His – Trp – Ser – Gly – Leu – Arg – Pro – Gly Using a table of pKa values, determine the net charge of the molecule at pH 3 pH8 pH 11Disulfide bonds help to stabilize the three-dimensional structure of proteins. What amino acids are involved in the formation of disulfide bonds? Does the formation of a disulfide bond increase or decrease entropy (ΔS)?Globular proteins are water-soluble, whereas fibrous proteins are insoluble in water. Indicate whether you expect the following amino acids to be on the surface of a globular protein or on the surface of a fibrous protein.(a) Ala (b) Glu(c) Leu (d) Phe(e) Ser (f) Val
- What is the pH of a glycine solution in which the alpha-carboxyl group is one third dissociated? Given pka1=2.3, pka2=9.6Amino acids are the building blocks for proteins in the cell. The structures of the amino acids glutamate (or glutamic acid), glycine, and leucine are provided below in the same order from left to right. Map any chiral centers with a 1.What is the pH value where the protein molecule carries no electrical charge? a. isoelectric b. isopropyl c. isoleucine d. isomers