Question 7Immuno-oncologists wanted to examine whether combination therapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab improved survival in melanoma patients compared to treatment with ipilimumabalone. They plan to first obtain approval from the institutional review board, identify melanoma patients, randomly assign some patients to combination therapy and others totreatment with ipilimumab alone, and follow these patients a certain period of time to record their survival.This study is an example of (Choose one from choices given):O None of the choices are correctO Experimental design (aka: interventional)O Non-Experimental design (aka: observationalO Survey design

Answered: Immuno-oncologists wanted to examine…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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For 25 years, Arthur Reynolds and Judy Temple tracked more than 1,400 children who participated in a publicly funded early childhood development program beginning at age 3. They found that children who participated in the program showed higher levels of educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and job skills, as well as lower rates of substance abuse, felony arrest, and incarceration, than those who did not receive school-based early education. One possible theory for the success of this program is that improving school readiness improved the children's success in school. The improved success in school in turn improved their readiness for adulthood, resulting in increased job skills and socioeconomic status as well as lower rates of substance abuse.
For 25 years, Arthur Reynolds and Judy Temple tracked more than 1,400 children who participated in a publicly funded early childhood development program beginning at age 3. They found that children who participated in the program showed higher levels of educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and job skills, as well as lower rates of substance abuse, felony arrest, and incarceration, than those who did not receive school-based early education. One possible theory for the success of this program is that improving school readiness improved the children's success in school. The improved success in school in turn improved their readiness for adulthood, resulting in increased job skills and socioeconomic status as well as lower rates of substance abuse. What is the independent and dependent variable?
A hypothetical study looks at the effect of drinking alcohol on health. Across all genders and age groups, people who do not drink tend to be healthier on average than people who do drink. However, people who drink regularly are on average healthier than those people who have recently stopped drinking. Is it reasonable to conclude that for the sake of health, we should not start drinking, but if we have already started drinking alcohol, it is healthier to continue and not to stop?
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death and illness worldwide, with high blood pressure and high LDL cholesterol both being established risk factors. Because most cardiovascular events occur in persons with average risk and no previous cardiovascular disease history, the present research examined the simultaneous use of both blood pressure‑reducing drugs and cholesterol‑reducing drugs on this population rather than focus on only those at high risk. Subjects included men at least 55 years old and women at least 65 years old without cardiovascular disease who had at least one additional risk factor besides age, such as recent or current smoking, hypertension, or family history of premature coronary heart disease. Those with current cardiovascular disease were excluded from the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to the treatment (cholesterol‑ and blood pressure‑reducing drugs) or a placebo, and the number suffering the primary outcome of a fatal cardiovascular event or a…
The Diabetes Control and Complications trial research group, randomly assigned volunteers with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, but without retinopathy, either to a conventional treatment or to a more intensive treatment aimed at maintaining normal blood glucose levels. The volunteers' health was monitored closely for approximately six years. By the end of the study, 91 patients out of 378 in the conventional treatment group had developed retinopathy, whereas 23 out of 348 in the intensive treatment group had developed retinopathy. Test whether the rates of retinopathy differed significantly between the two treatment groups, if they did, which rate was significantly lower. 1. Provide the null hypothesis 2. Provide the alternative hypotheses 3. calculate the appropriate test statistic. Show all work 4. Identify the p-value for that test statistic 5. Using the p-value method and an alpha level of 0.02 state what your conclusions are regarding the null hypothesis, and…
The Diabetes Control and Complications trial research group, randomly assigned volunteers with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, but without retinopathy, either to a conventional treatment or to a more intensive treatment aimed at maintaining normal blood glucose levels. The volunteers' health was monitored closely for approximately six years. By the end of the study, 91 patients out of 378 in the conventional treatment group had developed retinopathy, whereas 23 out of 348 in the intensive treatment group had developed retinopathy. Test wether the rates of retionpathy differed significantly betweenthe two treatment groups, if they did, which rate was significantly lower. 1. Provide the null hypothesis 2. Provide the alternative hypotheses 3. calculate the appropriate test statistic. Show all work 4. Indentify the p-value for that test statistic 5. Using the p-vlaue method and an alpha level of 0.02 state what your conclusions is regarding the null hypothesis, and…
An automotive engineer is investigating two different types of metering devices for an electronic fuel injection system to determine whether they differ in their fuel mileage performance. The system is installed on 10 different cars, and a test is run with each metering device on each car. The data is provided below: Metering Device Car 1 2 1 17.6 16.8 2 19.4 20.0 3 18.2 17.6 4 17.1 16.4 5 15.3 16.0 6 15.9 15.9 7 16.3 16.5 8 18.0 18.4 9 17.3 16.4 10 19.1 20.1 Is there a significant difference between the means of the two metering devices? Use . Interpret the result in the context of the problem. An article in the journal Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Materials (Vol. 6, 1989) reported the results of an analysis of the weight of calcium in standard cement and cement doped with lead. Reduced levels of calcium would indicate that the hydration mechanism in the cement is blocked…
A researcher conducted a medical study to investigate whether taking a low-dose aspirin reduces the chance of developing colon cancer. As part of the study, 1,000 adult volunteers were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Half of the volunteers were assigned to the experimental group that took a low-dose aspirin each day, and the other half were assigned to the control group that took a placebo each day. At the end of six years, 15 of the people who took the low-dose aspirin had developed colon cancer and 26 of the people who took the placebo had developed colon cancer. At the significance level α = 0.05, do the data provide convincing statistical evidence that taking a low-dose aspirin each day would reduce the chance of developing colon cancer among all people similar to the volunteers?
Chapter 6, Section 1-HT, Exercise 052 - MathPad Antibiotics in InfancyA Canadian longitudinal study1 examined whether giving antibiotics in infancy increases the likelihood that the child will be overweight later in life. The study included 616 children and found that 438 of the children had received antibiotics during the first year of life. Test to see if this provides evidence that more than 70% of Canadian children receive antibiotics during the first year of life. Show all details of the hypothesis test, including hypotheses, the standardized test statistic, the p-value, the generic conclusion using a 5% significance level, and a conclusion in context.1Azad MB, Bridgman SL, Becker AB, Kozyrskyj AL, “Infant antibiotic exposure and the development of childhood overweight and central adiposity,” International Journal of Obesity (2014) 38, 1290-1298. Clearly state the null and alternative hypotheses. Your answer should be an…
Question Red Wine and Weight LossResveratrol, a compound in grapes and red wine, has been shown to promote weight loss in rodents and now in a primate.1 Lemurs fed a resveratrol supplement for four weeks had decreased food intake, increased metabolic rate, and a reduction in seasonal body-mass gain compared to a control group. Suppose a hypothetical study is done for a different primate species, with one group given a resveratrol supplement and the other group given a placebo. We wish to see if there is evidence that resveratrol increases the mean metabolism rate for this species. (This exercise presents hypothetical data. We will see the results from the actual study later in this chapter.) (a) State the null and alternative hypotheses.Let group 1 be the species taking a resveratrol supplement and let group 2 be the species taking a placebo.
1. What are time-series research designs, and how are they used to learn about changes in behavior over time? 2. What types of independent variables can be used in participant-variable research designs, and what conclusions can and cannot be drawn from their use? 3. What are single-participant research designs? When are they used, and what are their limitations?
A seven-year medical research study reported that women whose mothers took the drug DES during pregnancy were twice as likely to develop tissue abnormalities that might lead to cancer as were women whose mothers did not take the drug. a. This study compared two What were the populations? b. Do you suppose the data were obtained in a survey or an experiment? c. For the population of women whose mothers took the drug DES during pregnancy, a sample of 3980 women showed that 63 developed tissue abnormalities that might lead to Provide a descriptive statistic that could be used to estimate the number of women out of 1000 in this population who have tissue abnormalities. d. For the population of women whose mothers did not take the drug DES during pregnancy, what is the estimate of the number of women out of 1000 who would be expected to have tissue abnormalities? e. Medical studies often use a relatively large sample (in this case.3980).Why?

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