University Physics Volume 1 18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168277
Author: William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny
Publisher: William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny
1 Units And Measurement 2 Vectors 3 Motion Along A Straight Line 4 Motion In Two And Three Dimensions 5 Newton's Law Of Motion 6 Applications Of Newton's Laws 7 Work And Kinetic Energy 8 Potential Energy And Conservation Of Energy 9 Linear Momentum And Collisions 10 Fixed-axis Rotation 11 Angular Momentum 12 Static Equilibrium And Elasticity 13 Gravitation 14 Fluid Mechanics 15 Oscillations 16 Waves 17 Sound Chapter13: Gravitation
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 13.1CYU: Check Your Understanding What happens to force and accleration as the vehicles fall together? What... Problem 13.2CYU: Check Your Understanding How does your weight at the top of a tall building compare with that on the... Problem 13.3CYU: Check Your Understanding Why not use the simpler expression U=mg(y2y1) ? How significant would the... Problem 13.4CYU: Check Your Understanding If we send a probe out of the solar system starting form Earth’s surface,... Problem 13.5CYU: Check Your Understanding Assume you are in a spacecraft in orbit about the Sun at Earth’s orbit, but... Problem 13.6CYU: Check Your Understanding By what factor must the radius change to reduce the orbital velocity of a... Problem 13.7CYU: Check Your Understanding There is another consideration to this last calculation of ME. We derived... Problem 13.8CYU: Check Your Understanding Galaxies are not single objects. How does the gravitiational force of one... Problem 13.9CYU: Check Your Understanding The nearly circular orbit of Saturn has an average radius of about 9.5 AU... Problem 13.10CYU: Check Your Understanding Earth exerts a tidal force on the Moon. Is it greater than, the same as, or... Problem 13.11CYU: Check Your Understanding Consider the density required to make Earth a black hole compared to that... Problem 1CQ: Action at a distance, such as is the case for gravity, was once thought to be illogical and... Problem 2CQ: In the law of universal gravitation, Newton assumed that the force was proportional to the product... Problem 3CQ: Must engineers take Earth’s rotation into account when constructing very tall buildings at any... Problem 4CQ: It was stated that a satellite with negative total energy is in a bound orbit, whereas one with zero... Problem 5CQ: It was shown that the energy required to lift a satellite into a low Earth orbit (the change in... Problem 6CQ: One student argues that a satellite in orbit is in free fall because the satellite keeps falling... Problem 7CQ: Many satellites are placed in geosynchronous orbits. What is special about these orbits? For a... Problem 8CQ: Are Kepler’s laws purely descriptive, or do they contain causal information? Problem 9CQ: In the diagram below for a satellite in an elliptical orbit about a much larger mass, indicate where... Problem 10CQ: As an object falls into a black hole, tidal forces increase. Will these tidal forces always tear the... Problem 11CQ: The principle of equivalence states that all experiments done in a lab in a uniform gravitational... Problem 12CQ: As a person approaches the Schwarzschild radius fo a black hole, outside observers see all the... Problem 13P: Evaluate the magnitude of gravitational force between two 5-kg spherical steel balls separated by a... Problem 14P: Estimate the gravitational force between two sumo wrestlers, with masses 220 kg and 240 kg, when... Problem 15P: Astrology makes much of the position of the planets at the moment of one’s birth. The only known... Problem 16P: A mountain 10.0 km from a person exerts a gravitational force on him equal to 2.00 of his weight.... Problem 17P: The International Space Station has a mass of approximately 370,000 kg. (a) What is the force on a... Problem 18P: Asteroid Toutatis passed near Earth in 2006 at four times the distance to our Moon. This was the... Problem 19P: (a) What was the acceleration of Earth caused by asteroid Toutatis (see previous problem) at its... Problem 20P: (a) Calculate Earth’s mass given the acceleratioln due to gravity at the North Pole is measured to... Problem 21P: (a) What is the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Moon? (b) On the surface of Mars?... Problem 22P: (a) Calculate the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Sun. (b) By what factor would... Problem 23P: The mass of a particle is 15 kg. (a) What is its weight on Earth? (b) What is its weight on the... Problem 24P: On a planet whose radius is 1.2107m , the acceleration due to gravity is 18m/s2 . What is the mass... Problem 25P: The mean diameter of the planet Saturn is 1.2108m , and its mean mass density is 0.69g/cm3 . Find... Problem 26P: The mean diameter of the planet Mercury is 4.88106m , and the acceleration due to gravity at its... Problem 27P: The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of a planet is three times as large as it is on the... Problem 28P: A body on the surface of a planet with the same radius as Earth’s weighs 10 times more than it does... Problem 29P: Find the escape speed of a projectile from the surface of Mars. Problem 30P: Find the escape speed of a projectile from the surface of Jupiter. Problem 31P: What is the escape speed of a satellite located at the Moon’s orbit about Earth? Assume the Moon is... Problem 32P: (a) Evaluate the gravitational potential energy between two 5.00-kg spherical steel balls separated... Problem 33P: An average-sized asteroid located 5.0107km from Earth with mass 2.01013kg is detected headed... Problem 34P: (a) What will be the kinetic energy of the asteroid in the previous problem just before it hits... Problem 35P: (a) What is the change in energy of a 1000-kg payload taken from rest at the surface of Earth and... Problem 36P: If a planet with 1.5 times the mass of Earth was traveling in Earth’s orbit, what would its period... Problem 37P: Two planets in circular orbits around a star have speed of v and 2v . (a) What is the ratio of the... Problem 38P: Using the average distance of Earth from the Sun, and the orbital peirod of Earth, (a) find the... Problem 39P: What is the orbital radius of an Earth satellite having a period of 1.00 h? (b) What is unreasonable... Problem 40P: Calculate the mass of the Sun based on data for Earth’s orbit and compare the value obtained with... Problem 41P: Find the mass of Jupiter based on the fact that I0 , its innermost moon, has an average orbital... Problem 42P: Astronomical observatrions of our Milky Way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8.01011... Problem 43P: (a) In order to keep a small satellite from drifting into a nearby asteroid, it is placed in orbit... Problem 44P: The Moon and Earth rotate about their common center of mass, which is located about 4700 km from the... Problem 45P: The Sun orbits the Milky Way galaxy once each 2.60108 years, with a roughly circular orbit averaging... Problem 46P: A geosynchronous Earth satellite is one that has an orbital period of precisely 1 day. Such orbits... Problem 47P: Calculate the mass of the Sun based on data for average Earth’s orbit and compare the value obtained... Problem 48P: I0 orbits Jupiter with an average radius of 421,700 km and a period of 1.769 days. Based upon these... Problem 49P: The “mean” orbital radius listed for astronomical objects orbiting the Sun is typically not an... Problem 50P: The perihelion of Halley’s comet is 0.586 AU and the aphelion is 17.8 AU. Given that its speed at... Problem 51P: The perihelion of the comet Legerkvist is 2.61 AU and it has a period of 7.36 years. Show that the... Problem 52P: What is the ratio of the speed at perihelion to that at aphelion for the comet Lagerkvist in the... Problem 53P: Eros has an elliptical orbit about the Sun, with a perihelion distance of 1.13 AU and aphelion... Problem 54P: What is the difference between the force on a 1.0-kg mass on the near side of I0 has mean radius of... Problem 55P: If the Sun were to collapse into a black hole, the point of no return for an investigator would be... Problem 56P: Consider Figure 13.23 in Tidal Forces. This diagram represents the tidal forces for spring tides.... Problem 57P: What is the Schwarzschild radius for the black hole at the center of our galaxy if it has the mass... Problem 58P: What would be the Schwarzschild radius, in light years, if our Milky Way galaxy of 100 billion stars... Problem 59AP: A neutron star is a cold, collapsed star with nuclear density. A particular neutron star has a mass... Problem 60AP: (a) How far from the center of Earth would the net gravitational force of Earth and the Moon on an... Problem 61AP: How far from the center of the Sun would the net gravitational force of Earth and the Sun on a... Problem 62AP: Calculate the values of g at Earth’s surface for the following changes in Earth’s properties: (a)... Problem 63AP: Suppose you can communicate with the inhabitants of a planet in another solar system. They tell you... Problem 64AP: (a) Suppose that your measured weight at the equator is one-half your measured weight at the pole on... Problem 65AP: A body of mass 100 kg is weighed at the North Pole and at the equator with a spring scale. What is... Problem 66AP: Find the speed needed to escape from the solar system starting from the surface of Earth. Assume... Problem 67AP: Consider the previous problem and include the fact that Earth has an orbital speed about the Sun of... Problem 68AP: A comet is observed 1.50 AU from the Sun with a speed of 24.3km/s . Is this comet in a bound or... Problem 69AP: An asteroid has speed 15.5km/s when it is located 2.00 AU from the sun. At its closest approach, it... Problem 70AP: Space debris left from old satellites and their launchers is becoming a hazard to other satellites.... Problem 71AP: A satellite of mass 1000 kg is in circular orbit about Earth. The radius of the orbit of the... Problem 72AP: After Cares was promoted to a dwarf planet, we now recognize the largest known asteroid to be Vesta,... Problem 73AP: (a) Using the data in the previous problem for the asteroid Vesta which has a diameter of 520 km and... Problem 74AP: What is the orbital velocity of our solar system about the center of the Milky Way? Assume that the... Problem 75AP: (a) Using the information in the previous problem, what velocity do you need to escape the Milky Way... Problem 76AP: Circular orbits in Equation 13.10 for conic sections must have eccentricity zero. From this, and... Problem 77AP: Show that for eccentricity equal to one in Equation 13.10 for conic sections, the path is a... Problem 78AP: Using the technique shown in Satellite Orbits and Energy, show that two masses m1 and m2 in circular... Problem 79AP: Given the perihelion distance, p , and aphelion distance, q , for an elliptical orbit, show that the... Problem 80AP: Comet P/1999 R1 has a perihelion of 0.0570 AU and aphelion of 4.99 AU. Using the results of the... Problem 81CP: A tunnel is dug through the center of a perfectly spherical and airless planet fo radius R. Using... Problem 82CP: Following the technique used in Gravitation Near Earth’s Surface, find the value of g as a function... Problem 83CP: Show that the areal velocity for a circular orbit of radius r about a mass M is At=12GMr . Does your... Problem 84CP: Show that the period of orbit for two masses, m1 and m2 , in circular orbits of radii r1 and r2 ,... Problem 85CP: Show that for small changes in height h, such that hRE , Equation 13.4 reduces to the expression... Problem 86CP: Using Figure 13.9, carefull sketch a free body diagram for the case of a simple pendulum hanging at... Problem 87CP: (a) Show that tidal force on a small object of mass m, defined as the difference in the... Problem 88CP: Find the Hohmann transfer velocities, vEllipseEarth and vEllipseMars ,needed for a trip to Mars. Use... Problem 79AP: Given the perihelion distance, p , and aphelion distance, q , for an elliptical orbit, show that the...
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(Please explain)In a collision of disks, where the system is not isolated because of the existence of friction. How is it possible that conservation of angular momentum is still valid to a relatively good accuracy?
Definition Definition Product of the moment of inertia and angular velocity of the rotating body: (L) = Iω Angular momentum is a vector quantity, and it has both magnitude and direction. The magnitude of angular momentum is represented by the length of the vector, and the direction is the same as the direction of angular velocity.
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