In a queue implementation that uses dynamically linked nodes, out of enqueue, dequeue, and peek operations, which of the operations have a worst-case time complexity of O(n)? 1. Only enqueue 2. Only dequeue 3. None of the three 4. only dequeue and enqueue

Explain why a queue exhibits first-in/first-out (FIFO) behavior. Illustrate your answer using an example.

Problem 2. In Project 6 you are required to use pthreads condition variables and mutexes to synchronize accesses to shared variables in your priority queue implementation. Ben Bitdiddle wants to try (on his own) to do it using semaphores instead. As in Project 6, the “next" operation returns the highest-priority item in the queue; if the queue is empty, it blocks until the queue becomes non-empty. The “insert" operation places an item in the queue, and if the queue went from empty to non-empty, it signals any waiting threads. Ben's implementation uses a (global) semaphore to count the number of items in the queue, and uses the Bryant and O'Hallaron "P()" and "V()" wrapper functions (see text) to decrement and increment it. He declares a global sem_t list_size and initializes it with sem_init(&list_size,0,0). The global variable list_head points to the first item in the list and is initially NULL. a. In Ben's first attempt, the pq_next() function does this: P(list_size); // block until…

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