In radical chlorination of alkanes, non-equivalent hydrogens react with chlorine atoms at different rates. At 35°C, primary, secondary, and tertiary C-H bonds react at relative rates of 1 : 3.9 : 5.2 respectively. These are conditions of kinetic control where product ratios are determined by relative rates of formation. For example, if A is formed twice as fast as B, the A:B product ratio will be 2. Consider chlorination of the alkane below at 35 °C. 1. Specify the most reactive C-H bond(s), a-c | Two non-equivalent C-H bonds of comparable reactivity should be separated by commas, i.e. a,c. 2. Specify the site of chlorination in the major monochloro substitution product, a-c. Two products that form in comparable quantities should be separated by commas, i.e. a,c

In radical chlorination of alkanes, non-equivalent hydrogens react with chlorine atoms at different rates. At 35°C, primary, secondary, and tertiary C-H bonds react at relative rates of 1 : 3.9 : 5.2 respectively. These are conditions of kinetic control where product ratios are determined by relative rates of formation. For example, if A is formed twice as fast as B, the A:B product ratio will be 2. Consider chlorination of the alkane below at 35 °C. 1. Specify the most reactive C-H bond(s), a-c | Two non-equivalent C-H bonds of comparable reactivity should be separated by commas, i.e. a,c. 2. Specify the site of chlorination in the major monochloro substitution product, a-c. Two products that form in comparable quantities should be separated by commas, i.e. a,c

Organic Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305580350

Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Publisher:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Chapter8: Haloalkanes, Halogenation, And Radical Reactions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8.18P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

When 2-methylpropane is monochlorinated in the presence of light at room temperature, 36% of the product is 2-chloro-2-methylpropane and 64% is 1-chloro-2-methylpropane. From these data, calculate how much easier it is to remove a hydrogen atom from a tertiary carbon than from a primary carbon under these conditions.
1 – Show the complete mechanism, using arrows to show electron movement, for the free radical chlorination of cyclopentane. The products are chlorocyclopentane and HCl. Be sure to include the initiation, propagation, and termination steps.
Write a pair of chain propagation steps for the radical bromination of propane to give 1-bromopropane. Then calculate ▲H° for each propagation step and for the overall reaction.
fluorination of alkanes is highly exothermic. Per Hammond’s postulate, assume that the transition state for radical fluorination is almost identical to the starting material. Assuming this fact, estimate the fraction of each monofluoro product formed in the fluorination of 2-methylbutane.
1. Write in full the mechanism for monobromination of methane. Be sure to include initiation, propagation, and termination steps. a) initiation b) propagation c) termination
Free radical halogenation is used to replace one or more hydrogens on an alkane with one or more halogens (either chlorine or bromine). It is a substitution reaction. A student performs a free radical bromination on 3-methyl-pentane (5.88 g) to create the desired product of 3-bromo-3-methyl-pentane. The product mix, which hopefully contains almost all 3-bromo-3-methyl-pentane, is cleaned up by passing it through a gas chromoatograph, which separates out the 3-bromo-3-methyl-pentane from any undesired products made during the reaction (undesired products are created frequently in free radical halogenation). The initial product mix weighed 9.45 g; the purified 3-bromo-3-methyl-pentane weighed 7.21 g. What is the student's percent recovery?
As in the free-radical halogenation of alkanes, chlorination of alkylbenzenes is less selective than bromination. Given the relative rates per hydrogen for hydrogen atom abstraction from 1-phenylbutane by chlorine for the elementary step shown, calculate the percentage of 1-chloro-1-phenylbutane in the C10H13Cl product.
2,2-dimethylpropane only reacts with bromine in a solvent of CCl4. The presence of sunlight is required in this reaction. Specify the type of reaction and show the complete mechanism for the reaction occurred. This is a free radical halogenation, however I don't understand what it meant by "only recats with bromine in a solvent of CCL4"... can I have some explanation :(
When exactly 1 mole of methane is mixed with exactly 1 mole of chlorine and light is shone on the mixture, a chlorination reaction occurs. The products are found to contain substantial amounts of di-, tri-, and tetrachloromethane, as well as unreacted methane. Explain how a mixture is formed from this stoichiometric mixture of reactants, and propose mechanisms for the formation of these compounds from chloromethane.
Read these directions carefully. For the reaction of 3-methyl-1-propene with Cl2 and H2O shown below, fill in the details of the mechanism. Draw the appropriate chemical structures and use an arrow to show how pairs of electrons are moved to make and break bonds during the reaction. Be sure to write all lone pairs of electrons and all formal charges. Finally, in the boxes provided by the arrows, write which kind of mechanistic element is being indicated, such as "make a bond", "add a proton", etc.
How can the following conversions be carried out: (i) Aniline to bromobenzene (ii) Chlorobenzene to 2-chloroacetophenone (iii) Chloroethane to butane
Q1-Complete the blanks? - As applied to photochemistry, the term hn is the product of................. and................... and isequal to . - Having absorbed energy from a photon of electromagnetic radiation, loss of energy by a reaction such as O2* ®O + O is known as.............................whereas loss of energy by the immediate emission of light is ...............................