Innate DefenseBriefly describe the roleof each in our innatedefense system..skininflammationТурe here...Type here...mucous membranesfeverType here...Турe here...phagocytesnatural killer cellsType here...Type here...

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Innate Defense Briefly describe the role- of each in our innate defense system.. skin inflammation Type here... Type here... mucous membranes fever Type here... Type here... phagocytes natural killer cells Type here... Type here...

Innate Defense Briefly describe the role- of each in our innate defense system.. skin inflammation Type here... Type here... mucous membranes fever Type here... Type here... phagocytes natural killer cells Type here... Type here...

Anatomy & Physiology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168130

Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Publisher:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Chapter21: The Lymphatic And Immune System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3ILQ: Visit this website (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/chemotaxis) to learn about phagocyte chemotaxis....

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Concept explainers

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.

Question

Innate Defense
Briefly describe the role
of each in our innate
defense system..
skin
inflammation
Турe here...
Type here...
mucous membranes
fever
Type here...
Турe here...
phagocytes
natural killer cells
Type here...
Type here...

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Compare and contrast tissues, cells, molecules and secretions of the Innate Defenses with those ofAcquired Immunity in the human immune system.
Visit this website (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/chemotaxis) to learn about phagocyte chemotaxis. Phagocyte chemotaxis is the movement of phagocytes according to the secretion of chemical messengers in the form of interleukins and other chemokines. By what means does a phagocyte destroy a bacterium that it has ingested?
Describe the roles that phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells and plasma proteins such as complement and interferon play in innate immunity?
Based on your understanding of the innate immune system list 3 broad categories (and AT LEAST ONE specific example in each category) that constitute the first line of defense mechanisms by the innate immune system. (Give an approximate time line for this type of defense) If this defense system is breached describe the process that follows (second line of innate defense). Explain how pathogens are detected and dealt with at this time with specific pathogen groups in mind, innate immune cells and molecular components involved. (Give an approximate timeline for this response) What are the TWO possible outcomes of this response and the way forward?
Outline the fundamental components of the innate defenses.
Figure shows a series of events for the response in innate immune defense. a)State ONE main event happening in J in fighting pathogens. b)Natural killer cell has the ability to kill virus-infected cells and tumour cells rapidly. How do natural killer cells in event K recognise and kill these cells?
The classical complement pathway is initiated by C1q binding to the surface of a pathogen. In some cases, C1q can directly bind the pathogen, for instance by recognizing proteins of bacterial cell walls, but in most cases C1q binds to IgM antibodies that are bound to the pathogen surface. How does this IgM-binding feature of C1q contribute to rapid, innate immune responses rather than to slow, adaptive responses? C1q induces B lymphocytes to begin secreting antibody within hours of pathogen exposure. Natural antibody that binds to many microbial pathogens is produced prior to pathogen exposure. C1q binds to C-reactive protein which then binds to IgM on the pathogen surface. C1q directly induces inflammation, recruiting phagocytes and antibodies from the blood into the infected tissue. C1q binds to dendritic cells in the infected tissue, inducing them to secrete inflammatory cytokines.
Why would the discovery of TLRs alter the view that innate immunity is non-specific?
Which of the following is true about complement? Check all that apply. Three pathways of complement, where classical and alternative, are activated by antibodies and lectin by spontaneous hydrolysis of C3 Complement pathways are activated in response to infections and involved in opsonization, phagocytosis and lysis of microbes The"b" subunit of complement such as C3b or C5b is deposited on the microbes, whereas the "a" subunit, C3a or C5a recruits phagocytic cells to the site of infection and promotes inflammation Alternative pathway is activated immediately due to presence of C3b because of spontaneous hydrolysis of C3, whereas classical pathways in several days after secretion of pathogen-specific antibodies Seven complement(C) proteins are made by liver and C5 is found in abundance
The development of primary and secondary immune responses to an antigen differ significantly. The primary response may take a week or more to develop fully and establish memory. The secondary response is rapid and relies on the activation of clones of memory cells. Would it not be better if clones of reactive cells were maintained regardless of prior exposure? In this way, the body could always respond rapidly to any antigen exposure. Would there be any disadvantages to this approach? Why?
13.Which is NOT an example of innate defense? 13.Which is NOT an example of innate defense? Note: This is a multiple question, choose the correct answer below: secretion of interferons The arrival of neutrophils in an area of injury a macrophage phagocytizing a bacterium an antibody that neutralizes an antigen secretion of interferons The arrival of neutrophils in an area of injury a macrophage phagocytizing a bacterium an antibody that neutralizes an antigen
Ingestion of complement-tagged pathogens by phagocytes is mediated by receptors for the bound complement proteins. Even when the complement cascade fails to proceed beyond generating the C3 convertase, complement activation is effective at inducing pathogen uptake and destruction. This process of immune protection is mediated by: Activation of complement inhibitory receptors on phagocytes that promote pathogen uptake Activation of soluble proteases in the serum that disrupt pathogen membranes Engagement of complement receptors on phagocytes by C3b and its cleavage products which promotes phagocytosis Engagement of complement receptors on B cells that promotes antibody production Stimulation of antimicrobial peptide secretion by phagocytes