is a description of the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms is a model used in chemistry to predict Complete the concepts below by supplying the appropriate term. within a molecule. The the geometry of individual molecules from the number of electron pai surrounding their central atoms. A molecule consisting of only two atoms has atoms bonded to the central shape. A molecule with unshared pair(s) of electrons has a linear shape atoms bonded to the central atom with atom with molecule with unshared pair(s) of electrons has a trigonal planar shape. The measure of the degree of inequality in the attraction of bonding electrons to various locations within a molecule is called A molecule may be when there is an equal sharing of electrons between the two atoms. While a molecule when it has a net dipole as a result of the opposing charges. may be

is a description of the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms is a model used in chemistry to predict Complete the concepts below by supplying the appropriate term. within a molecule. The the geometry of individual molecules from the number of electron pai surrounding their central atoms. A molecule consisting of only two atoms has atoms bonded to the central shape. A molecule with unshared pair(s) of electrons has a linear shape atoms bonded to the central atom with atom with molecule with unshared pair(s) of electrons has a trigonal planar shape. The measure of the degree of inequality in the attraction of bonding electrons to various locations within a molecule is called A molecule may be when there is an equal sharing of electrons between the two atoms. While a molecule when it has a net dipole as a result of the opposing charges. may be

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781305079243

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Chapter4: Molecular Structure And Orbitals

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 123CP: Carbon monoxide (CO) forms bonds to a variety of metals and metal ions. liS ability to bond to iron...

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(a) Predict the geometry of the SbCl52 ion, using the VSEPR method. (b) The ion SbCl63 is prepared from SbCl52 by treatment with Cl . Determine the steric number of the central antimony atom in this ion, and discuss the extension of the VSEPR theory that would be needed for the prediction of its molecular geometry.
For each of the following molecules or molecular ions, give the steric number, sketch and name the approximate molecular geometry, and describe the directions of any distortions from the approximate geometry due to lone pairs. In each case, the central atom is listed first and the other atoms are all bonded directly to it. (a) ICl4 (b) OF2 (c) BrO3 (d) CS2
A compound is being tested for use as a rocket propellant. Analysis shows that it contains 18.54% F, 34.61% Cl, and 46.85% O. (a) Determine the empirical formula for this compound. (b) Assuming that the molecular formula is the same as the empirical formula, draw a Lewis diagram for this molecule. Review examples elsewhere in this chapter to decide which atom is most likely to lie at the center. (c) Use the VSEPR theory to predict the structure of the molecule from part (b).
Mixing SbCl3 and GaCl3 in a 1:1 molar ratio (using liquid sulfur dioxide as a solvent) gives a solid ionic compound of empirical formula GaSbCl6 . A controversy arises over whether this compound is (SbCl2+)(GaCl4) or (GaCl2+)(SbCl4) . (a) Predict the molecular structures of the two anions. (b) It is learned that the cation in the compound has a bent structure. Based on this fact, which formulation is more likely to be correct?
(a) Use the VSEPR theory to predict the structure of the NNO molecule. (b) The substance NNO has a small dipole moment. Which end of the molecule is more likely to be the positive end, based only on electronegativity?
7.30 The bond in HF is said to be polar, with the hydrogen carrying a partial positive charge. For this to be true, the hydrogen atom must have less than one electron around it. Yet the Lewis dot structure of HF attributes two electrons to hydrogen. Draw a picture of the electron density distribution for HF and use it to describe how the hydrogen atom can carry a partial positive charge. How can these two models of the HF bond (the electron density and the Lewis structure) seem so different and yet describe the same thing?
How many and bonds are present in the molecule HCN?
For each of the following molecules, complete the Lewis structure and use the VSEPR model to determine the bond angles around each central atom. Note that the drawings are only skeleton structures and may depict the angles incorrectly.
u have seen that molecules with four electron pairs. such as CH4, are tetrahedral. What if a molecule had six electron pairs, like SF6? Predict the geometry and bond angles of SF6.
Carbon monoxide (CO) forms bonds to a variety of metals and metal ions. liS ability to bond to iron in hemoglobin is the reason that CO is so toxic. The bond carbon monoxide forms to metals is through the carbon atom: MCO a. On the basis of electronegativities, would you expect the carbon atom or the oxgen atom to form bonds to metals? b. Assign formal charges to the atoms in CO. Which atom would you expect to bond to a metal on this basis? c. In the MO model, bonding MOs place more electron density near the more electronegative atom. (See the HF molecule in Figs. 4-54 and 4-55.) Antibonding MOs place more electron density near the less electronegative atom in the diatomic molecule. Use the MO model to predict which atom of carbon monoxide should form bonds to metals.
(a) If these three balloons are all the same size, what angleis formed between the red one and the green one? (b) If additionalair is added to the blue balloon so that it gets larger,will the angle between the red and green balloons increase,decrease, or stay the same? (c) Which of the following aspectsof the VSEPR model is illustrated by part (b): (i) Theelectron-domain geometry for four electron domains is tetrahedral.(ii) The electron domains for nonbonding pairs arelarger than those for bonding pairs. (iii) The hybridizationthat corresponds to a trigonal planar electron-domain geometryis sp2. [Section 9.2]
A benzene molecule can be modeled as six carbon atoms arrangedin a regular hexagon in a plane. At each carbon atom, one of threeradicals NH2, COOH, or OH can be attached. How many suchcompounds are possible? (Make no distinction between single anddouble bonds between the atoms.)