Consider the hypothetical molecule PHFBr, in which the phosphorus atom is in the center. This molecule has exactly one central atom. a)In the space below, determine the total number of valence electrons that must be present in the Lewis Dot Structure of PHFBr using the “Table Method.” b) Draw the best Lewis Dot Structure for PHFBr below using the conventions introduced in class. Clearly label the appropriate parts of your drawing with “A” or “B” or “E” to determine the “General Code.” c) According to VSEPR Theory, the molecular geometry is: ___________________
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
Consider the hypothetical molecule PHFBr, in which the phosphorus atom is in the center.
This molecule has exactly one central atom.
a)In the space below, determine the total number of valence electrons that must be present in
the Lewis Dot Structure of PHFBr using the “Table Method.”
b) Draw the best Lewis Dot Structure for PHFBr below using the conventions introduced in
class. Clearly label the appropriate parts of your drawing with “A” or “B” or “E” to
determine the “General Code.”
c) According to VSEPR Theory, the molecular geometry is: ___________________
d) Is the P-F bond ionic, polar covalent, or nonpolar covalent? How did you decide?
e) Do you expect the PHFBr molecule to be polar or nonpolar? Justify your answer.
f) Which of the following intermolecular forces should be considered between PHFBr
molecules: Dipole-dipole force, ion-dipole force, London Dispersion Force, or Hydrogenbonding? List all the forces that are appropriate below.
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