Lantus differs from "normal" insulin in that:Select one:Oa. The usual insulin molecule has been combined with zinc isophaneOb. A glycine has been substituted in at A21, and two new arginines have been added as B31 and B32*. An aspartic acid has been substituted for proline at B28Od. A "C-peptide" chain has been addedOe The proline at B28 and the lysine at B29 have been reversed

Insulin glargine [GLAR geen], sold under the brand name Lantus is a long-acting insulin. It is…

Answered: Lantus differs from "normal" insulin in…

Essentials of Pharmacology for Health Professions

7th Edition

ISBN:9781305441620

Author:WOODROW

Publisher:WOODROW

Chapter23: Endocrine System Drugs

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15CRQ

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Which of the following statements about insulin is true? Insulin acts as a transport protein, cany in g glucose across the cell membrane. Insulin facilitates the movement of inti acellular glucose transporters to the cell membrane. Insulin stimulates the breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose. Insulin stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb glucose into the bloodstream.
Mention the chemical change that proinsulin undergoes, to be able to act as mature insulin.
HbA1c is used to monitor blood glucose levels because hemoglobin is the only protein in blood that is covalently modified by glucose. True False Insulin Glargine is a long-acting form of insulin that is synthesized with several D-amino acids that slow its proteolytic degradation and extend the half-life of the insulin Glargine molecule. True False
Compare and contrast the formulations insulin lispro, insulin aspart and protamine zinc insulin. Describe how the structure and properties of the formulation help control the rate and which insulin enters bloodstream.
All of the following medications are types of insulin, except:A. Aspart (Novolog)B. Glargine (Lantus)C. Lispro (Humalog)D. Glulisin (Apidra)E. Exenatide (Byetta)
Identify the partial sequence of events that occurs after the insulin binds to its receptor. 1. Phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) 2. Activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase activity 3. Activation of phosphodiesterase 4. Activation of phospholipase C 5. Phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 6. Activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 -kinase (P1-3 kinase) 7. Binding of Grb 2 8. Activation of a phosphatase 9. Dephosphorylation of pyruvate kinase 10. phosphorylation of pyruvate kinase 2-7-1-4-3-9 1-7-3-5-6-8 2-1-6-5-8-9 2-7-1-6-5-8-9 2-7-4-6-1-8-10
Which of the following statements about insulin istrue?a. Insulin acts as a transport protein, carryingglucose across the cell membrane.b. Insulin facilitates the movement of intracellularglucose transporters to the cell membrane.c. Insulin stimulates the breakdown of storedglycogen into glucose.d. Insulin stimulates the kidneys to reabsorbglucose into the bloodstream
Discuss the mechanism of action of insulin in maintaining the homeostasis of blood sugar in a normal human body.
Predict the biochemical and whole body effects of an overdose of insulin
Which of the following classes of compounds stimulates the release of insulin from pancreatic β-cells? a. Thiourylenes b. Biguanides c. Progestins d. Sulfonylureas e. α-Glucosides inhibitors
Insulin preparations can have the following durations of action:A. Fast and longB. Fast, medium and longC. Polar, non-polar, neutralD. Very fast, fast, medium and longE. Subpolar, polar, non-polar
Based on your understanding of the binding of insulin, select all of the following events that you would expect to occur in muscle cells due to insulin binding to receptors.Group of answer choices a. Glycogen synthesis is activated b. PFK is stabilized in the R-state and glycolysis is activated c. GLUT4 (transporters) are increased in concentration at the plasma membrane d. Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate increased levels aid in stabilization of the T-state fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase e. Gluconeogenesis is activated in response to elevated fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels f. Phosphorylation cascades allow for covalent modifications that would aid in the breakdown of glycogen to allow for increased levels of glucose 6-phosphate in the cell g. Hexokinase is inhibited so glucose will not be brought into the cell in high amounts h. Glycogen breakdown pathway is inactivated

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