LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Distinguish between characteristics of expansionary policy and contractionary policy. Which of the following is associated with contractionary monetary policy? O a.) Lowering the discount rate b.) Increasing the reserve requirement O c.) Buying Federal Treasury bonds d.) Increasing taxes
Q: The United States Federal Reserve is currently the money supply with the intention of keeping…
A: The central bank controls the money supply and is responsible for maintaining low and stable…
Q: Assume that the unemployment rate decreases substantially and that there is very high inflation.…
A: Central bank uses monetary tools to control money supply in order to stabilize the economy .
Q: Contractionary monetary policy would most likely be used to stabilize an economy in O A. Panel (a)…
A: Monetary Policies:- A Central bank generally regulates the market through monetary policies, the…
Q: Refer to Figure 34-2. If the monery-supply curve MS on the left-hand graph were to shift to the…
A: The money market model describes the interaction of the money demanded and the money supplies. The…
Q: When the economy is in a liquidity trap, expansionary monetary policy is ineffective with respect to…
A: Monetary policy refers to a policy that includes monetary components and changes in the money demand…
Q: QUESTION 10 Which mechanisms does the Federal reserve have to influence the money supply? O…
A: The central bank's policy of using policy instruments to control the money supply in the economy is…
Q: Which statement is true? O Austrians believe that financial markets are always efficient and that no…
A: Monetarists and Keynesian theories are two major macroeconomic theories that are related to the…
Q: The longest lag associated with monetary policy is O decision lag O recognition lag O impact lag O…
A: A delay between economic activities and the different consequences in the economy is referred to as…
Q: After 2008, the Fed sets a target range that is for the federal funds rate. Select one: O 1…
A: The federal funds rate is the target interest rate which the Federal Reserve sets for the commercial…
Q: If the Bank of Canada pays on deposits to LVTS participants an interest rate of 3.5 percent then the…
A: The answer is - 2) 3.25 percent
Q: Refer to table below. Suppose that the Fed had decided to set the US. money supply in December 1932…
A: Reserve deposit ratio (rdr) is the proportion of the total deposits commercial banks keep as…
Q: In general, if the Fed increases its target for the federal funds rate, O A. short- term nominal…
A: A target rate is a primary interest rate used by a centralized bank to direct monetary policy…
Q: question requiring a 'True/False' answer.(Required) O True O False Required reserve can be used to…
A: DISCLAIMER “Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first three question for you…
Q: Which of the following represents an action by the central bank designed to decrease the me supply?…
A: The central bank can increase or decrease the money supply in the economy by following tools 1. Open…
Q: If desired investment spending is relatively sensitive to changes in interest rates, then monetary…
A: Monetary Policy is the government policy which helps to maintain economic stability by changing the…
Q: Consider a central bank that chooses to implement its monetary policy by expanding the money supply…
A: A central bank tends to increase or decrease the currency amount and credit being in circulation, to…
Q: How can a central bank decrease the money supply? O a. By selling securities O b. All of the answers…
A: Money supply Money supply basically refers to the total amount/volume of money that people helds at…
Q: According to the Public Interest view, we should expect a political business cycle since the Fed…
A: Any kind of business cycle that is political involves an excessive spending/expansion of the nation…
Q: (C) what would the lending capacity of the banking system be after this product? (D) How large…
A: The total deposits in the bank are of $900 billion and the required reserves are $900 X 0.10 which…
Q: Central Bank is trying to use MS to lower i (it is directly targeting MS to influence i). If MD…
A: Interest rate: - it is the percentage charge on the principal amount by a lender to a borrower.
Q: An increase in the money demand, with money supply held constant, means that we will observe O a. A…
A: Equilibrium interest rate is determined where quantity of money demanded equals quantity of money…
Q: QUESTION 5 Which of the following statements is correct? O A. monetary policy was contractionary…
A: Expansionary monetary policy means providing loans to public at lower interest rate. It means…
Q: 5. If you withdraw money from your bank, it will reduce loans and deposits in the whole banking…
A: 5) Withdrawal of money reduces the capital that banks hold. The deposits are the primary source of…
Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the monetary policy tools of the Federal Reserve? O open-market…
A: Monetary policy tools are: Open market operations: like sell or purchase of bonds. Discount rate:…
Q: Identify which of the following are common functions of the Central Bank: I. Supervising the Stock…
A: Central bank is a public organization that manages money supply in the economy.
Q: M1 and M2 are two definitions of money supply. Which category of the money supply - if any - do…
A: The Federal Reserve Bank being the central bank of the United States is a regulator of banks and is…
Q: 3. Rule versus discretion This question addresses the issue of vhether monetary policy should be…
A: Discretionary policy is a plan strategy formed by the specialist is response to the objective under…
Q: Suppose real GDP is forecasted to grow by 3.1%, the velocity of money is constant, and the Fed…
A: The quantity theory of money (QTM) given by Fisher states that there is direct and proportional…
Q: What are the tools in its monetary toolbox? O Issuing Treasury Bonds O Changing the reserve…
A: The nations have various decision making, and policy making authorities who are involved in the…
Q: Suppose some banks decide to increase their holdings of excess reserves relative to deposits.…
A: As we know that the government can increase or decrease money supply through open market operations…
Q: Suppose monetary neutrality holds in the long run; further suppose the velocity of money is…
A: Quantity Theory of money(QTM) states that the number of monetary units times the number of times…
Q: Assume that inflation is 1% throughout the entire year and the inflation target is 2%. In which of…
A: Taylor rule is used to predict how central banks should change interest rates due to changes in the…
Q: Suppose you are the Governor of the Bank of England. You want to apply the quantity theory of money…
A: As per the quantity theory of money,Money supply * Velocity of money = Price level * Real GDP
Q: Refer to Figure 10.1. The money demand curve will shift from M d to M if Select one: O a. interest…
A: The demand curve for money shows the quantity of money demanded at each interest rate.
Q: Which of the following is a policy tool of the Federal Reserve that it actively uses to control the…
A: Monetary policy is a set of tools used by a country's central bank to encourage long-term economic…
Q: Suppose that the reserve requirement is 12.5% and that commercial banks are NOT holding excess…
A: Reserve requirement=12.5% The federal reserve wishes to reduce the money supply by $200 billion.
Q: When the central bank lowers the required reserve ratio, the banks' ability to make loans _and the…
A: The central bank of the country has the responsibility for maintaining the financial functioning of…
Q: The four main policy tools the Federal Reserve System uses to influence the interest rate are…
A: Answer: Monetary policy tools: the federal reserves influence the level of money supply in the…
Q: If Federal Reserve notes and coins are $765 billion, and banks' reserves at the Fed are $8 billion,…
A: 23) Given Federal Reserve notes and coins are $765 billion, Banks reserves at the Fed are $8…
Q: Given AD1 and AS1 in Figure 8.3, the Monetary Approach to achieving full employment at an output of…
A: Equilibrium is achieved at a point where aggregate demand is equal to aggregate supply. Discount…
Q: When the central bank lowers the required reserve ratio, the banks' ability to make loans and the…
A: Required Reserve ratio is the ratio which is determined by central bank for the commercial bank in…
Q: Question 5 1 P One reason Federal Reserve credibility is important is because O infation…
A: Fed monitors the money supply in the economy. It manages the level of inflation in the economy.
Q: Which of the following policies would the Federal Reserve most likely use if the economy was…
A: When the economy is experiencing an inflationary gap (or high inflation), then there is a need to…
Q: All of the following are elements in the structure of the Fed EXCEPT the O a. Executive Council to…
A: "Elements which are included in the structure of FED are as follows: 1) Board of Governors 2) 12…
Q: Which of the following statements in correct? Select one: O a. Assuming that real variables, are…
A: Velocity of money is the rate at which money changes hand in the economy.
Q: Which of the following would be classed as an expansionary monetary policy? O A. A decrease in the…
A: The monetary policies are those policies which are enacted by the central bank of a country to…
Q: With regards to conventional and unconventional monetary policy, how might the Federal Reserve act…
A: Monetary policy Monetary Policy is an instrument of the Monetary Authority of a country. Monetary…
Q: Figure 2 LRAS SRAS AD YN Y, Y. Refer to Figure 2. Suppose the economy is currently at point A. To…
A: The point 'A' is right of the LRAS so there is an inflationary gap and the actual output is above…
Q: Scenario: Monetary Basc and Money Supply Assume that the reserve is 209% and the monetary aggregates…
A: Answer; Option (a) $225 billion is correct
Q: Question 7 Suppose that currently we are in the era of ample reserves. The total amount of reserves…
A: "Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve first question for you .. If you want any…
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- Which monetary policy tool can the Federal Reserve use to conduct an expansionary monetarypolicy (please state at least one instrument)? Which monetary policy instrument can the Fed useto conduct a restrictive monetary policy? Assume the country is experiencing highunemployment and a recession, such as during 2001, 2008-2009, and 2020. What is the Fedlikely to do in this scenario? Discuss the effects of such policy on the economy. Can you givea specific example to what the Fed did during any of those recessions? This is not a writing, it is economic.Imagine that the economy is experiencing inflation and that the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) decides to implement a contractionary monetary policy or 'tight money' to return inflation to its target level. 1.What type of open market operations (OMOs) will the RBA undertake consistent with a contractionary monetary policy approach? 2. How will the money supply be affected? 3.Explain how the three stages of transmission process from a contractionary monetary policy link a change in interest rates with a change in an economy’s equilbrium level of output. 4.Using the IS-LM curve diagram, illustrate the impact of a contractionary monetary policy. Make sure to clearly indicate the new equilibrium position including the interest rate and outputAssume that the current interest rate is 4.0% and the economy is in a mild recession somewhat below YN. Using the model of Liquidity Preference, illustrate with a graph and short explanation how that equilibrium rate of 4.0% is determined. Now, assume the next move by the Fed at its December meeting is to raise the target rate of interest by 50 basis points out of a fear of future inflation. Illustrate this contractionary monetary policy graphically, first through liquidity preference, and then via IS-LM. Could this contractionary move by the Fed result in full employment? Why or why not?
- The demand curve and supply curve for one-year discount bonds with a face value of $1,050 are representedby the following equations:Bd: Price = -0.8 * Quantity + 1160Bs: Price = Quantity + 720Suppose that, as a result of monetary policy actions, theFederal Reserve sells 90 bonds that it holds. Assume thatbond demand and money demand are held constant.a. How does the Federal Reserve policy affect the bondsupply equation?b. Calculate the effect on the equilibrium interest rate in this market, as a result of the FederalReserve action.D) what kind of monetary policy might be helpful to stabilize the economy ( expansionary or contractionary)? E) what specific monetary policy tools does the federal reserve have available to use in this scenario? F) explain in detal, how should the federal reserve use each ofthese tools to maximize their effect in stabilizing the economy, what will be the likely effect of each monetary tool's use on the money supply , and the resulting impact on the economyAn important way in which the Federal Reservedecreases the money supply is by selling bonds to thepublic. Using a supply and demand analysis for bonds,show what effect this action has on interest rates. Isyour answer consistent with what you would expect tofind with the liquidity preference framework?
- Since the end of the Great Recession of 2008, interest rates have been at historic lows—in some cases, close to zero. How is expansionary monetary policy, or more specifically a open market purchase, supposed to work and How do near-zero interest rates limit the ability of expansionary monetary policy to work? how effective has the Fed’s policy been as a response to the Great Recession of 2008 and more recently the Covid 19 Recession? short answer ( paragraph ) supported by evidenceWhat is Domestic Systemically Important Bank (D-SIB) and Global Systemically Important Bank (G-SIB) ? How the mechanism of both ? Explained with comprehensiveWhat evidence is used to assess the stability of themoney demand function? What does the evidence suggest about the stability of money demand, and how hasthis conclusion affected monetary policymaking?
- Suppose the Fed decides to purchase $60 billion worth of government securities on the open market d. Under what circumstances (recession or inflation) would the Fed be pursuing such an open market policy e. To attain those same objectives, what should the Fed do(increase or decrease) with the: a. Discount rate? b. Reserve requirement?Consider the model of supply and demand for central bank money. Assumethat there there are commercial banks. Suppose that people hold 20% of their moneyin currency and 80% of their money in deposits. The central bank sets the reserve-todeposit ratio at 10%. In the first period, the central bank increases the supply of moneyby $200, buying bonds through Open-Market Operations. Use this information to answerthe following questions:(a) For the second period (after the central bank has injected $200 in theeconomy), calculate: (i) the demand for currency, (ii) the amount of deposit held atthe commercial banks, (iii) the demand for reserves held at the central bank, and(iv) the demand for the high-powered money. How much is the additional moneysupply created at the end of the second period?2(b) How much is the additional money supply created at the end of the thirdperiod?(c) As time continues, additional money supply will be created. Calculatethe total increase in the money supply as a…Suppose that the reserve requirement for checkingdeposits is 10 percent and that banks do not hold anyexcess reserves.a. If the Fed sells $1 million of government bonds,what is the effect on the economy’s reserves andmoney supply?b. Now suppose that the Fed lowers the reserverequirement to 5 percent but that banks chooseto hold another 5 percent of deposits as excessreserves. Why might banks do so? What is theoverall change in the money multiplier and themoney supply as a result of these actions?