List the seven metabolites that represent the end products of amino acid catabolism. Which are glucogenic? Which are ketogenic?
Q: What is the total number of ATPs resulting from the second stage of carbohydrate metabolism? What…
A: Adenosine triphosphate (in short, ATP) is termed as the cell’s energy currency. It consists of three…
Q: Define GLUCONEOGENESIS. Give three reasons why is gluconeogenesis important in the Cori cycle?
A: During stages of starvation, fasting, and intense exercise durations, the body lacks glucose for the…
Q: Define the term gluconeogenesis?
A: Glucose is a vital molecule in the body. It is oxidized to yield the metabolic energy (for example,…
Q: What are the three steps in glycogen degradation and what enzymes are required?
A: Glycogen is the storage molecule for glucose. Glycon is insoluble in an aqueous medium and thus does…
Q: What initial chemical transformation takes place on a fatty acid to activate it for catabolism?
A: Fatty acids are long chains of lipid-carboxylic acid found in fats and oils and in cell membrane as…
Q: How are the irreversible reactions of glycolysis bypassed in gluconeogenesis?
A: Introduction: Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic pathway where glucose is synthesized from…
Q: Which isoenzyme of Lactate dehydrogenase is present in blood?.
A: Isoenzymes are physically different from of enzyme that catalyses same biochemical reactions.
Q: What is Carbohydrate Catabolism?
A: Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones. They are the major source of energy for living…
Q: Can you explain the difference in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in liver and muscle?
A: A carbohydrate is a biological molecule containing atoms of oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon. The…
Q: * How many high-energy molecules are netted for one molecule of glucose undergoing glycolysis?
A:
Q: What is the difference between ketogenic and glucogenic amino acids?
A: Proteins are made of monomers, the amino acids, linked by peptide bonds. The proteins are required…
Q: What are the possible fates of the amino acids from protein catabolism?
A: possible fates of the amino acids from protein catabolism are:
Q: What is the difference between transamination and oxidative deamination?
A: Amino acids possess an alpha-amino group, an alpha-carboxylic group, and a side chain. The…
Q: What are the possible fates of glucose 6-phosphate, pyruvic acid, and acetyl coenzyme A in a cell?
A: The study of chemical reactions that occurs within living organisms is called biochemistry. This…
Q: What are the main features of gluconeogenesis?
A: Gluconeogenesis is the metabolic process by which organisms produce glucose for catabolic reactions…
Q: Differentiate between Oxidative deamination and transamination of the amino-acids?
A: Amino acids are a class of essential biomolecules that are the building blocks of proteins. There…
Q: Explain the difference between the glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids? How does the body used them…
A: Amino acids are organic compounds with two functional group- amino group and carboxyl group. Carboxl…
Q: Arrange the following pathways in order of their occurrence as source of energy for the body during…
A: Metabolism is a term that is used to describe all chemical reactions involved in maintaining the…
Q: How does the role of glucose-6- phosphate in gluconeogenesis differ from that in glycolysis?
A: Introduction Metabolic pathways involve the reaction of metabolism. These pathways are a series of…
Q: What two pH values produce half-maximal activity of pepsin?
A: Pepsin is the proteolytic endopeptidase enzyme, which helps to degrade the polypeptide chain into…
Q: What metabolic and hormonal changes account for decreased gluconeogenesis during the first several…
A: The absence of food intake causes the body to move into a fasting state from a fed state. The…
Q: Describe the role of glutamine and glutamate in amino acid metabolism.
A: Amino groups of most of the amino acids are transferred to α-ketoglutarate to form glutamate this is…
Q: What is gluconeogenesis?
A: Biochemistry is the study of the structure and functions of molecules involved in the living system.…
Q: How does insulin contribute in regulation of fatty acid metabolism?
A: Fatty acids are the simplest form of lipids and they serve as the constituent in a large number of…
Q: What is the function of ATP in the conversion of glutamate to glutamine?
A: Glutamine synthetase is an enzyme which is responsible for metabolism of nitrogen by catalyzing the…
Q: What are the end-products of the complete aerobic catabolism of glucose?
A: The synthesis of energy in animal cells is carried out through two main mechanisms such as aerobic…
Q: Arrange the following pathways in order of their occurrence as source of energy for the body during…
A: Lipid catabolism comprises two major spatially and temporarily separated steps, namely lipolysis,…
Q: How is hexane oxygenated during anoxic catabolism?
A: Hexane refers to alkane of six carbon atom with the molecular formula C6H14. They are colorless and…
Q: Which of the following is NOT an important precursor of glucose in animals when gluconeogenesis…
A: GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE is not an important precursor of glucose in animals when gluconeogenesis occur.
Q: How are fatty acids related to ketogenic diet? Explain.
A: Ketogenic diet- It is proven helpful for weight loss and it is also used in treating epilepsy in…
Q: When amino acids are catabolized, what are the end products of the carbon skeletons for glucogenic…
A: The standard amino acids are characterized by different carbon skeletons, so their conversions to…
Q: What is the source of the energy needed to incorporate glucose residues into glycogen? How is it…
A: Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in…
Q: What is the difference between Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHNS)?
A: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) are the two…
Q: How does ketogenic diet affect the human physiological processes, particularly in the regulation of…
A: Ketogenic Diet A diet introduced by Russel Wilder in 1921. A diet in which the proportion of…
Q: In general, how does oxidative deamination differ from transamination?
A: When there is excess of protein or amino acids they can be degraded to ammonia or other compounds.…
Q: Which amino acids are exclusively ketogenic?
A: Introduction During amino acid catabolism, ketogenic amino acids are broken down to Acetyl CoA or…
Q: How are long-chain fatty acids released from triacylglycerides transported through the bloodstream?
A: Fatty acids are aliphatic mono-carboxylic acids that are mostly obtained from the hydrolysis of…
Q: What metabolic and hormonal changes account for decreased gluconeogenesis during the first several…
A: Gluconeogenesis: Metabolic pathway that produces glucose through non-carbohydrate carbon…
Q: When a 23 Carbon fatty acid is metabolized, what is the total number of (GROSS) ATP produced ?
A: Fatty acids can be metabolized by beta-oxidation. The beta-oxidation produces ATP. In…
Q: How many acetyl-CoA molecules can be produced from a 20-carbon chain free fatty acid?
A: A balanced diet is the prerequisite of all human beings to sustain life. A balanced diet contains…
Q: what is the detailed metabolic pathway that causes diabetic ketoacidosis?
A: Diabetic ketoacidosis is diabetes that is associated with excessive production of acetoacetic acid…
Q: How do glucokinase and hexokinase differ in function?
A: Glucose is the primary source of the energy in the cell, which helps to produce energy.
Q: Explain what is the relationship between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis?
A: Glycolysis is the metabolic process by which glucose is broken down (Catabolic pathway), while…
List the seven metabolites that represent the end products of amino acid catabolism. Which are glucogenic? Which are ketogenic?
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- What are the substrates for gluconeogenesis? What role do fatty acids play ingluconeogenesis?What effect is observed on the rate of gluconeogenesis under each of the following conditions? a. low ATP concentrationc. high carbohydrate diet b. low ADP concentrationd. low carbohydrate dietWhat triggers gluconeogenesis? Then, what is the main purpose of gluconeogenesis?
- The body doesn’t have a reserve of proteins or amino acids for energy production. Which class of protein may be used initially during fasting to maintain glucose and energy levels? What is the difference between a glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid and why are both important during fasting?Why is gluconeogenesis necessary?Glucose can be made from oxaloacetate during gluconeogenesis, but if oxaloacetate concentrations are decreased,what other substance can be used to make glucose? How might this contribute to increased fat loss?