Metal sulfides are often first converted to oxides by roasting in air and then reduced with carbon to produce the metal. Why aren’t the metal sulfides reduced directly by carbon to yield CS₂?Give a thermodynamic analysis of both processes for ZnS.

Principles of Modern Chemistry
8th Edition
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
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Chapter22: Inorganic Materials
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Metal sulfides are often first converted to oxides by roasting in air and then reduced with carbon to produce the metal. Why aren’t the metal sulfides reduced directly by carbon to yield CS₂?Give a thermodynamic analysis of both processes for ZnS.

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Roasting is defined as the process that involves heating of mineral ores (usually sulfides) in presence of oxygen. It converts mineral to its oxide.

Free energy change is a measure of spontaneity of reaction. If it is positive, then reaction is non spontaneous and hence, unfavorable. If it is negative, then the reaction is spontaneous and hence favorable.

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