Part AWhich of the following statements best explains this observation?O The group 4A elements have unusually large atomic radi.O The group 4A elements have much higher first ionization energies than their neighbors in groups 3A and 5A.O The group 4A elements are easier to vaporize than are the group 3A and 5A elements.O The addition of an electron to a group 4A element leads to a half-filled np outer electron configuration.SubmitRequest AnswerProvide Feedback

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/d92e4d4d-c96d-4a57-a4ce-0cc15a6ff357.jpg

Part A Which of the following statements best explains this observation? O The group 4A elements have unusually large atomic radii. The group 4A elements have much higher first ionization energies than their neighbors in groups 3A and 5A. The group 4A elements are easier to vaporize than are the group 3A and 5A elements. O The addition of an electron to a group 4A element leads to a half-filled np outer electron configuration.

Part A Which of the following statements best explains this observation? O The group 4A elements have unusually large atomic radii. The group 4A elements have much higher first ionization energies than their neighbors in groups 3A and 5A. The group 4A elements are easier to vaporize than are the group 3A and 5A elements. O The addition of an electron to a group 4A element leads to a half-filled np outer electron configuration.

Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305079250

Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters

Publisher:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters

Chapter11: Atomic Theory :the Quantum Model Of The Atom

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 109E

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

The periodic table consists of four blocks of elements that correspond to s, p, d, and f orbitals being filled. After f orbitals come g and h orbitals In theory, if a g block and an h block of elements existed, bow long would the rows of g and h elements be in this theoretical periodic table?
The first ionization energies of As and Se are 0.947 and 0.941 MJ/mol, respectively. Rationalize these values in terms of electron configurations.
The outermost electron in an alkali-metal atom is sometimes described as resembling an electron in the corresponding state of a one-electron atom. Compare the first ionization energy of lithium with the binding energy of a 2s electron in a one-electron atom that has nuclear charge Zeff , and determine the value of Zeff that is necessary for the two energies to agree. Repeat the calculation for the 3s electron of sodium and the 4s electron of potassium.
Answer the following questions, assuming that ms, could have three values rather than two and that the rules for n, l, and ml are the normal ones. a. How many electrons would an orbital be able to hold? b. How many elements would the first and second periods in the periodic table contain? c. How many elements would be contained in the first transition metal series? d. How many electrons would the set of 4f orbitals be able to bold?
Consider the following representation of a set of p orbitals for an atom: mg src=Images/HTML_99425-11-30QAP_image001.jpg alt="" align="top"/> ich of the following statements is(are) true? The areas represented by the p orbitals are positively charged clouds with negatively charged electrons embedded within these clouds. The nucleus is located at the center point of each axis. The electrons move along the elliptical paths as indicated by the p orbitals above. The atom could not be hydrogen because its electron is found in the 1s orbital.
Identify the element that corresponds to each of the simplified photoelectron spectral data given below. (Energy data taken from D. A. Shirley, R. L Martin, S. P. Kowalczyk. F. R. McFeely, and L. Ley: Core-electron binding energies of the first thirty elements, Physical Review B, Vol. 15, pp. 544-552, 1977.) (a) There are peaks at energies of 64.8 and 5.4 eV, corresponding to 2 and 1 electrons, respectively. (b) There are peaks at energies of 3614, 384, 301, 40.9, 24.7, and 4.34 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, and 1 electrons, respectively. (c) There are peaks at energies of 4494, 503, 404, 56.4, 33.6, 8.01, and 6.65 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, 1, and 2 electrons, respectively.
r Questions 11—13, you will need to consider ionizations beyond the first ionization energy. For example, the second ionization energy is the energy to remove a second electron from an element. Compare the first ionization energy of helium to its second ionization energy, remembering that both electrons come from the 1s orbital. l> X Y First 170 200 second 350 400 Third 1800 3500 fouth 2500 5000 entify the elements X and Y. There may be more than one answer. so explain completely.
Until recently, it was thought that Ca was unstable, and that the Ca atom therefore had a negative electron affinity. Some new experiments have now measured an electron affinity of +2.0kJmol1 for calcium. What is the longest wavelength of light that could remove an electron from Ca ? In which region of the electromagnetic spectrum does this light fall?
Many times the claim is made that subshells half-filled with electrons are particularly stable. Can you suggest a possible physical basis for this claim?
The configuration of an element is given here. (a) What is the identity of the element? (b) In what group and period is the element found? (c) Is the element a nonmetal, a main group element, a transition metal, a lanthanide, or an actinide? (d) Is the element diamagnetic or paramagnetic? If paramagnetic, how many unpaired electrons are there? (e) Write a complete set of quantum numbers (n, , m, ms) for each of the valence electrons. (f) What is the configuration of the 2+ ion formed from this element? Is the ion diamagnetic or paramagnetic?
When metallic sodium is dissolved in liquid sodium chloride, electrons are released into the liquid. These dissolved electrons absorb light with a wavelength near 800 nm. Suppose we treat the positive ions surrounding an electron crudely as defining a three-dimensional cubic box of edge L, and we assume that the absorbed light excites the electron from its ground state to the first excited state. Calculate the edge length L in this simple model.
(a) The nitrogen atom has one electron in each of the 2px , 2py , and 2pz orbitals. By using the form of the angular wave functions, show that the total electron density, 2(2px)+2(2py)+2(2pz) , is spherically symmetric (that is, it is independent of the angles and ). The neon atom, which has two electrons in each 2p orbital, is also spherically symmetric. (b) The same result as in part (a) applies to d orbitals, thus a filled or half-filled subshell of d orbitals is spherically symmetric. Identify the spherically symmetric atoms or ions among the following: F , Na, Si, S2,Ar+ , Ni, Cu, Mo, Rh, Sb, W, Au.