Proteins don't have the same extent of repair mechanisms that nucleic acids do. Therefore, when they get damaged, they often need to be broken down. Describe how this process occurs - how are "bad" proteins identified, what happens to them, and how are they degraded?

Q: Messenger RNA is formed by translation of a gene on the DNA template strand.True or false?

A: RNA or ribonucleic acid is a polymer of ribonucleotides connected together via a phosphodiester…

Q: Okazaki fragments are short DNA pieces that explain how

A:

Q: Describe the functions of the following proteins during DNA breaks and repair: (i) Ku70 (ii) Uracil…

A: The genetic stability of organisms is important for their survival. Only the presence of accurate…

Q: Why is complimentary base pairing vital to the structure of DNA?

A: Answer of the question given below...

Q: Can a DNA strand bind to a complementary RNA strand? Explain.

A: DNA is the main constituent of the chromosome. It contains all information about protein that forms…

Q: How is the information in the DNA interpreted into a functional protein,such as an enzyme?

A: Deoxyribonucleic or DNA can be described as the complex biomolecule that contains biological…

Q: Using sickle cell as an example, give a detailed description of how the effects of a base…

A: Base substitutions are the simplest type of gene-level mutation, and they involve the swapping of…

Q: Which of the following equations are true for double-stranded DNA?  a) (%G+%T) =(%A+%C) b) (%G+%A)…

A: DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. It is a genetic material that passes from one generation to…

Q: Which nucleotide is most non-polar and why? What structural element of DNA gets cleaved by…

A: The monomeric units of nucleic acids are called nucleotides. Nucleotides are generally…

Q: Describe nucleotide excision repair.

A: A nucleotide is defined as a structure that will consist of a sugar molecule (that can be either…

Q: Why would translation not work if ribosomes could bind only one tRNA at a time?

A: According to the central dogma of the molecular theory, the information stored in the DNA is first…

Q: Some mutations affect changes in protein structure and function that can result in disease whereas…

A: The DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material of an organism. The DNA is inherited by the…

Q: Describe the types of noncovalent interactions that stabilize DNA structure.

A: A non-covalent interaction differs from a covalent bond in that it does not involve the sharing of…

Q: List two specific examples of DNA damage and what causes it

A: Step 1 of 2:)   DNA damage is caused by many things this damage can lead to mutations which can…

Q: The codon is found on mRNA? True or False?

A: Codon is a sequence of three consecutive nucleotides in DNA or RNA, that codes for a specific amino…

Q: Why are most DNA-binding proteins specific to certain chemicalgroups within the DNA?

A: DNA is the genetic material that carries genetic information in the form of coded nucleotide…

Q: the human immunodeficiency virus HIV uses RNA rather than DNA to encode genetic information. During…

A: Answer: Introduction: The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are the type of a subgroup of…

Q: Why is it that there is more distortion in a protein when it's not attached to a DNA strand? In…

A: Protein-DNA interactions are important for all biological systems to function properly and form the…

Q: Some bacteria possess antibiotic resistance, as well as the ability to survive through adverse…

A: Bacteria  They are small prokaryotic organisms with  cell wall except some. Bacteria are both useful…

Q: Why are binding sites in proteins often located at interdomain boundaries?

A: Binding site is a position on a protein which binds to an incoming molecule that is smaller in size…

Q: How can DNA fragments be separated by size?

A: DNA- Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each…

Q: By convention, nucleotide sequences are always written from the _____.

A:

Q: What factors would contribute to preservation of DNA?

A: Introduction DNA preservation (also known as DNA banking):- It allows you to store some of your…

Q: How are ‘Sticky ends’ formed on a DNA strand? Why are these so-called?

A: A restriction endonucleases are an enzyme that can cut the DNA into different fragments at sites…

Q: DNA sequences in which multiple copies are arranged nextto each other are called…

A: Repetitive sequences are the DNA fragments that are present in multiple copies within a genome.…

Q: When a protein was  denatured and lost its function due to its spatial structures were disrupted.…

A: Denaturation includes the breaking of a considerable weak linkages, or bonds (e.g., hydrogen bonds),…

Q: If the anticodon of a molecule of tRNA has the sequence GAU, what was the original DNA sequence?

A: Question - If the anticodon of a molecule of tRNA has the sequence GAU, what was the original DNA…

Q: How can you still get a functional protein from frameshift mutation?

A: A mutation is a change in a person's genetic code. Changes as small as the replacement of a single…

Q: How do cells know that there is something wrong with the DNA?

A: DNA damage happens due to different factors like intracellular metabolism, replication, and exposure…

Q: Why do DNA chips often contain segments derived from cDNA rather than genomic DNA segments?

A: DNA chip used in microarray

Q: Why is RNA so unstable?

A: The cells are the basic structural and fundamental blocks of the living system. it consists of…

Q: Describe the excision repair process in DNA, using the excision of thymine dimers as an example.

A: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)   It is defined as a genetic material which has all the stored genetic…

Q: When is a DNA sequence said to be conserved?

A: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic acid) are the two important classes of nucleic…

Q: Explain how DNA deals with DNA damages

A: DNA damage occurs when there occurs any mismatching in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecule…

Q: How important and useful to the cell is the ability of the DNA to assume various forms? Why are…

A: DNA is the basic hereditary molecule that is responsible for passing on genetic information from one…

Q: What will happen if nucleic acid failed to function properly?

A: Nucleic acids are biochemical compounds. These are polymers composed of nucleotide monomers. Each…

Q: What are the consequences of the change in the nucleotide sequence?

A: Genome is not a static entity. It is subject to different types of heritable changes. A sudden and…

Q: How important and useful to the cell is the ability of the DNA to assume various forms?  Why are…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes nucleotides, which are…

Q: Which type of information about the nucleotide sequenceof the target DNA is required ?

A: Targeted sequencing is defined as a process in which there is a rapid as well as…

Q: If mRNA is complementary to the DNA template strand and the DNA template strand is complementary to…

A: During the process of transcription, the template strand or non-coding strand of DNA molecule gives…

Q: Describe the  Stages in the formation of a functioning protein in the nucleic acid.

A: Nucleic acid DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides.

Q: In a single strand of DNA, is it ever possible for the number of adenines to be greater than the…

A: In a DNA molecule purine always pairs with a pyrimidine base. Adenine is a purine base and thymine…

Q: What are the steps in the replication

A: DNA REPLICATION This is a complex process takes place during the cell division, whereas dna makes…

Q: explain how and why damage to DNA is repaired

A: DNA is a polymer made up of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double…

Q: Explain about Nucleic Acid Blottin ? Why it is used?

A:

Q: The structure of DNA requires the pairing of base A to ___________ and base G to ___________.

A: DNA or Deoxyribonucleic acid is a hereditary molecule.  It is situated on the chromosomes. It…

Q: Which protein is NOT necessary to initiate DNA replication in E. coli? A. helicases

A: The biological process of making two identical DNA replicas from a single original DNA molecule is…

Q: Why is the shape of an enzyme important for its functioning? When does replication occur? Does the…

A: Enzyme are made up of proteins they catalyse the reaction and increase the speed of the reaction by…